{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T05:18:18Z","timestamp":1787980698395,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787788800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"S\u00e3o Paulo Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["#2022\/10292-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#2022\/10292-8"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"S\u00e3o Paulo Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["#2024\/07973-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#2024\/07973-9"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"S\u00e3o Paulo Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["#2025\/10031-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#2025\/10031-8"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["#2022\/10292-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#2022\/10292-8"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02ddkpn78","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["#2024\/07973-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#2024\/07973-9"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02ddkpn78","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["#2025\/10031-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#2025\/10031-8"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02ddkpn78","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordination of Higher Education and Graduate Training","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pregnancy increases susceptibility to gingival inflammation, and saliva may help characterize associated host-response profiles. This cross-sectional study compared nine salivary proteins and inflammatory mediators between pregnant women with high and low gingival bleeding burdens. Twenty-four women were classified by bleeding on probing (BOP) into G1 (BOP \u2265 50%; n = 12) and G2 (BOP &lt; 30%; n = 12). Unstimulated saliva was collected, and RBP4, \u03b22-microglobulin, clusterin, cystatin C, IL-1\u03b2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-\u03b1 were quantified using multiplex bead-based immunoassays. Primary comparisons used ANCOVA adjusted for maternal age and total protein concentration, with additional adjustment for visible biofilm in sensitivity analyses. In the primary adjusted analyses, G1 showed higher RBP4 (FDR-adjusted p = 0.004; partial \u03b72 = 0.466) and clusterin (FDR-adjusted p = 0.006; partial \u03b72 = 0.413), and lower IL-10 (FDR-adjusted p = 0.032; partial \u03b72 = 0.285). In the sensitivity analyses, significant group effects were observed for RBP4 (FDR-adjusted p = 0.026; partial \u03b72 = 0.381) and IL-8 (FDR-adjusted p = 0.044; partial \u03b72 = 0.303). These findings demonstrate associations between high gingival bleeding burden and a salivary profile involving inflammatory\/chemotactic, regulatory, and stress-response signals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life16091423","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T08:02:27Z","timestamp":1787817747000},"page":"1423","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["High Gingival Bleeding Burden in Late Pregnancy Is Associated with a Salivary Profile of Inflammatory, Regulatory, and Stress-Response Signals"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4760-8948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerson Aparecido","family":"Foratori-J\u00fanior","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil"},{"name":"Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dental, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King\u2019s College London, London SE1 1UL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0619-2547","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H\u00e9lvis E. S.","family":"Paz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Clinics, Oral Pathology and Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5051-1210","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roosevelt Da Silva","family":"Bastos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7599-0120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luiz Renato","family":"Paranhos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberl\u00e2ndia, Uberlandia 38405-320, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nagihan","family":"Bostanci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Oral Health and Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 14152 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5985-3951","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00edlia Afonso Rabelo","family":"Buzalaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3084-3415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guy Howard","family":"Carpenter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dental, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King\u2019s College London, London SE1 1UL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S162","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12946","article-title":"Periodontitis: Consensus report of workgroup 2 of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions","volume":"45","author":"Papapanou","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. 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