{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T05:09:46Z","timestamp":1791954586351,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,30]],"date-time":"2018-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535587200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Vanadium oxide (V2O5) species has been supported on different porous clay heterostructures (with silica pillars, silica-zirconia with a molar ratio Si\/Zr = 5 and silica-titania with a molar ratio Si\/Ti = 5) by wetness incipient method. All catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption-desorption at \u2212196 \u00b0C, NH3 thermoprogrammed desorption (NH3-TPD), Raman spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance UV-Vis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). After that, the catalytic activity of the vanadium-based catalysts was evaluated in the selective oxidation of H2S to elemental sulfur. The catalytic data show that both the activity and the catalytic stability increase with the vanadium content, obtaining the highest conversion values and sulfur yield for the catalysts with vanadium content of 16 wt.%. The comparison among all supports reveals that the incorporation of TiO2 species in the pillars of the PCH improves the resistance to the deactivation, attaining as best results a H2S conversion of 89% for SiTi-PCH-16V catalyst and elemental sulfur is the only compound detected by gas chromatography.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma11091562","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,30]],"date-time":"2018-08-30T10:30:06Z","timestamp":1535625006000},"page":"1562","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Selective Oxidation of Hydrogen Sulfide to Sulfur Using Vanadium Oxide Supported on Porous Clay Heterostructures (PCHs) Formed by Pillars Silica, Silica-Zirconia or Silica-Titania"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5742-4822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Antonio","family":"Cecilia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento Qu\u00edmica Inorg\u00e1nica, Cristalograf\u00eda y Mineralog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias, Unidad Asociada al ICP-CSIC, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, 29071 M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Dolores","family":"Soriano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Tecnolog\u00eda Qu\u00edmica, UPV-CSIC, Campus Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Valencia, Avenida de los Naranjos s\/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5820-9865","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alejandro","family":"Natoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4751-1767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enrique","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Castell\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento Qu\u00edmica Inorg\u00e1nica, Cristalograf\u00eda y Mineralog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias, Unidad Asociada al ICP-CSIC, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, 29071 M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6960-3219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Manuel","family":"L\u00f3pez Nieto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Tecnolog\u00eda Qu\u00edmica, UPV-CSIC, Campus Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Valencia, Avenida de los Naranjos s\/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2003). Hydrogen Sulfide: Human Health Aspects, World Health Organization. Concise International Chemical Assessment Document 53."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.corsci.2010.03.016","article-title":"H2S and O2 influence on the corrosion of carbon steel immersed in a solution containing 3M diethanolamine","volume":"52","author":"Amaya","year":"2010","journal-title":"Corros. Sci."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1080\/01614949808007113","article-title":"Claus catalysis and H2S selective oxidation","volume":"40","author":"Saur","year":"1998","journal-title":"Catal. Rev. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1021\/cs501476p","article-title":"H2S-selective catalytic oxidation: Catalysts and processes","volume":"5","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"ACS Catal."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/S0926-860X(02)00573-2","article-title":"Metal oxides in hydrogen sulfide oxidation by oxygen and sulfur dioxide: I. The comparison study of the catalytic activity. Mechanism of the interactions between H2S and SO2 on some oxides","volume":"244","author":"Davydov","year":"2003","journal-title":"Appl. Catal. A Gen."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-5861(00)00363-1","article-title":"Study of H2S selective oxidation on new model catalysts: Influence of composition","volume":"61","author":"Laperdrix","year":"2000","journal-title":"Catal. Today"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cattod.2012.11.016","article-title":"Iron-containing SBA-15 as catalyst for partial oxidation of hydrogen sulfide","volume":"210","author":"Soriano","year":"2013","journal-title":"Catal. Today"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2009.08.002","article-title":"Selective oxidation of H2S to sulfur over vanadia supported on mesoporous zirconium phosphate heterostructure","volume":"92","author":"Soriano","year":"2009","journal-title":"Appl. Catal. B Environ."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cattod.2010.02.050","article-title":"Operando XAS and Raman study on the structure of a supported vanadium oxide catalyst during the oxidation of H2S to sulphur","volume":"155","author":"Holgado","year":"2010","journal-title":"Catal. Today"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cattod.2014.12.022","article-title":"Vanadium oxide supported on porous clay heterostructure for the partial oxidation of hydrogen sulphide to sulfur","volume":"254","author":"Soriano","year":"2015","journal-title":"Catal. Today"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2013.05.008","article-title":"Selective catalytic oxidation of H2S over iron oxide supported on alumina-intercalated laponite clay catalysts","volume":"260","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1500","DOI":"10.1021\/cs500303y","article-title":"Selective catalytic oxidation of H2S over well-mixed oxides derived from Mg2AlxV1\u2212x layered double hydroxides","volume":"4","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"ACS Catal."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2012.10.010","article-title":"Screening of catalysts for H2S abatement from biogas to feed molten carbonate fuel cells","volume":"38","author":"Barba","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Hydrog. Energy"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cattod.2011.03.070","article-title":"Hydrogen sulfide oxidation on RE (RE = Sm, Y, La)-V-Sb catalysts: Effects of RE size and electronegativity","volume":"174","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"Catal. Today"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-1317(98)00058-1","article-title":"Clays and catalysis: A promising future","volume":"14","author":"Vaccari","year":"1999","journal-title":"Appl. Clay Sci."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3938","DOI":"10.1039\/C0DT01144D","article-title":"Design, synthesis and characterization of vanadia-doped iron-oxide pillared montmorillonite clay for the selective catalytic oxidation of H2S","volume":"40","author":"Bineesh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dalton Trans."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiec.2010.03.014","article-title":"Synthesis of metal-oxide pillared montmorillonite clay for the selective catalytic oxidation of H2S","volume":"16","author":"Bineesh","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Ind. Eng. Chem."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcata.2009.04.002","article-title":"Synthesis, characterization and catalytic performance of vanadia-doped delaminated zirconia-pillared montmorillonite clay for the selective catalytic oxidation of hydrogen sulfide","volume":"308","author":"Bineesh","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Mol. Catal. A Chem."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clay.2012.04.023","article-title":"Catalytic performance of vanadia-doped alumina-pillared clay for selective oxidation of H2S","volume":"74","author":"Bineesh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Appl. Clay Sci."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clay.2010.12.022","article-title":"Selective catalytic oxidation of H2S over V2O5 supported on TiO2-pillared clay catalysts in the presence of water and ammonia","volume":"53","author":"Bineesh","year":"2001","journal-title":"Appl. Clay Sci."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2040","DOI":"10.1016\/j.catcom.2008.03.048","article-title":"Vanadia-doped titania-pillared montmorillonite clay for the selective catalytic oxidation of H2S","volume":"9","author":"Bineesh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Catal. Commun."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1038\/374529a0","article-title":"Porous clay heterostructures formed by gallery-templated synthesis","volume":"374","author":"Galarneau","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micromeso.2013.03.037","article-title":"Montmorillonite based porous clay heterostructures: Influence of Zr in the structure and acidic properties","volume":"176","author":"Cecilia","year":"2013","journal-title":"Microporous Mesoporous Mater."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cattod.2015.01.040","article-title":"CuO-CeO2 supported on montmorillonite-derived porous clay heterostructures (PCH) for preferential CO oxidation in H2-rich stream","volume":"253","author":"Cecilia","year":"2015","journal-title":"Catal. Today"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clay.2010.12.009","article-title":"Comparison study of titania pillared interlayered clays and porous clay heterostructures modified with copper and iron as catalysts of the DeNOx process","volume":"53","author":"Chmielarz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Appl. Clay Sci."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2012.07.003","article-title":"Porous clay heterostructures with zirconium for the separation of hydrocarbon mixtures","volume":"98","author":"Pinto","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sep. Purif. Technol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2007.10.007","article-title":"Selective adsorption of carbon dioxide, methane and ethane by porous clays heterostructures","volume":"61","author":"Pires","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sep. Purif. Technol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1180\/claymin.1990.025.4.07","article-title":"Sorption of water vapour by M-Montmorillonite (M = Na, Li, La)","volume":"25","author":"Trillo","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clay Miner."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/0920-5861(88)85014-4","article-title":"Surface properties and cracking activity of delaminated clay catalysts","volume":"2","author":"Occelli","year":"1988","journal-title":"Catal. Today"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clay.2016.02.004","article-title":"WO3-based catalysts supported on porous clay heterostructures (PCH) with Si\u2013Zr pillars for synthetic esters production","volume":"124","author":"Saboya","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl. Clay Sci."},{"key":"ref_31","unstructured":"Rouquerol, F., Rouquerol, J., and Sing, K. (1999). Adsorption by Powders and Porous Solids, Academic Press. Chapter 13."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1351\/pac198557040603","article-title":"Reporting physisorption data for gas\/solid systems with special reference to the determination of surface area and porosity (Recommendations 1984)","volume":"57","author":"Sing","year":"1985","journal-title":"Pure Appl. Chem."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1021\/j100398a026","article-title":"Surface acidity of vanadyl pyrophosphate, active phase in n-butane selective oxidation","volume":"90","author":"Busca","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cattod.2014.12.024","article-title":"V and V\u2013P containing Zr-SBA-15 catalysts for dehydration of glycerol to acrolein","volume":"254","author":"Cecilia","year":"2015","journal-title":"Catal. Today"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4240","DOI":"10.1021\/j100373a067","article-title":"Laser Raman spectroscopy of supported vanadium oxide catalysts","volume":"94","author":"Went","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1021\/jp992867t","article-title":"Investigation of surface structures of supported vanadium oxide catalysts by UV\u2212vis\u2212NIR diffuse reflectance spectroscopy","volume":"104","author":"Gao","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. B"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1515\/cse-2015-0007","article-title":"Characterization of vanadia catalysts on structured micro-fibrous glass supports for selective oxidation of hydrogen sulfide","volume":"2","author":"Larina","year":"2015","journal-title":"Catal. Sustain. Energy"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1006\/jcat.1994.1236","article-title":"Ammoxidation of propane over antimony vanadium-oxide catalysts","volume":"148","author":"Nilsson","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Catal."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/S0926-860X(00)00866-8","article-title":"Selective oxidation of H2S to elemental sulfur over VOx\/SiO2 and V2O5 catalysts","volume":"211","author":"Shin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Appl. Catal. A Gen."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1847","DOI":"10.1016\/S0013-4686(99)00396-5","article-title":"Electrochemical behaviour of aqueous SO2 at polycrystalline gold electrodes in acidic media: A voltammetric and in situ vibrational study: Part 1. Reduction of SO2: Deposition of monomeric and polymeric sulphur","volume":"45","author":"Quijada","year":"2000","journal-title":"Electrochim. Acta"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1021\/ic50006a031","article-title":"The vibrational spectra and structure of the vanadyl ion in aqueous solution","volume":"2","author":"Evans","year":"1963","journal-title":"Inorg. Chem."}],"container-title":["Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1944\/11\/9\/1562\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T15:22:03Z","timestamp":1760196123000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1944\/11\/9\/1562"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,30]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]}},"alternative-id":["ma11091562"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ma11091562","relation":{},"ISSN":["1996-1944"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1996-1944","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,30]]}}}