{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T19:22:18Z","timestamp":1781983338507,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,22]],"date-time":"2019-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1558483200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Dowels are located in transverse joints of Jointed Plain Concrete Pavements (JPCP) and they are used to provide load transfer between individual slabs, reduce faulting and improve performance. Dowels and the concrete itself are under the highest stress in the vicinity of joints; thus, in terms of pavement design, the joints are the weakest points of the whole structure. This study dealt with the drawbacks of JPCP with dowels. The evaluation was based on direct measurements on real airport and motorway pavements and highlights insufficient efficiency of load transfer and its possible causes. The authors present a successful outcome with validation by using the finite element method where high tensile stress values of the surrounding concrete were found.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma12101669","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,23]],"date-time":"2019-05-23T03:22:03Z","timestamp":1558581723000},"page":"1669","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Effectiveness of Dowels in Concrete Pavement"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1407-8119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiri","family":"Grosek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Transport Infrastructure Department, Transport Research Centre, 63 600 Brno, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Zuzulova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transportation Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, 810 05 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilja","family":"Brezina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transport Infrastructure Department, Transport Research Centre, 63 600 Brno, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"AASHTO (1993). 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Eng."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.900.435","article-title":"Effect of dowel looseness on response of jointed concrete pavements using three-dimensional finite element analysis","volume":"900","author":"Sii","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv. Mater. Res."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)1532-3641(2001)1:3(309)","article-title":"3D finite element study on load transfer at doweled joints in flat and curled rigid pavements","volume":"1","author":"Davids","year":"2001","journal-title":"Inter. J. Geomech."},{"key":"ref_28","unstructured":"Salajka, V., and \u010cada, Z. (2013). Final Report: Variant calculation of the influence dowel position on the concrete slabs stress, first series, FCE VUT Brno."},{"key":"ref_29","unstructured":"TP 098 (2015). Design of concrete pavements on motorways, Slovak Road Administration."}],"container-title":["Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1944\/12\/10\/1669\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T12:54:18Z","timestamp":1760187258000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1944\/12\/10\/1669"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,22]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]}},"alternative-id":["ma12101669"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ma12101669","relation":{},"ISSN":["1996-1944"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1996-1944","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,22]]}}}