{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T00:33:26Z","timestamp":1776990806601,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,19]],"date-time":"2020-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582070400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Key Scientific and Technological Research Project of University in Henan, China","award":["18A560013 and 16A560023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18A560013 and 16A560023"]}]},{"name":"Innovative Sci-Tech Team of Eco-building Material and Structural Engineering of Henan Province, China","award":["YKRZ-6-066"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YKRZ-6-066"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>To promote the engineering application of recycled aggregate for concrete production with good adaptability and economic efficiency, this paper performed a campaign to investigate the flexural performance of steel fiber reinforced composite-recycled aggregate concrete (SFR-CRAC) beams matched with 500 MPa longitudinal rebars. The composite-recycled aggregate has features of the full use recycled fine aggregate and small particle recycled coarse aggregate, and the continuous grading of coarse aggregate ensured by admixing the large particle natural aggregate about 35% to 45% in mass of total coarse aggregate. The properties of SFR-CRAC have been comprehensively improved by using steel fibers. With a varying volume fraction of steel fiber from 0% to 2.0%, 10 beam specimens were produced. The flexural behaviors of the beams during the complete loading procedure were experimentally studied under a four-point bending test. Of which the concrete strain at mid-span section, the appearance of cracks, the crack distribution and crack width, the mid-span deflection, the tensile strain of longitudinal rebars, and the failure patterns of the beams were measured in detail. Results indicated that the assumption of plane cross-section held true approximately, the 500 MPa longitudinal rebars worked at a high stress level within the limit width of cracks on reinforced SFR-CRAC beams at the normal serviceability, and the typical failure occurred with the yield of 500 MPa longitudinal rebars followed by the crushed SFR-CRAC in compression. The cracking resistance, the flexural capacity, and the flexural ductility of the beams increased with the volume fraction of steel fiber, while the crack width and mid-span deflection obviously decreased. Finally, by linking to those for conventional reinforced concrete beams, formulas are suggested for predicting the cracking moment, crack width, and flexural stiffness at normal serviceability, and the ultimate moment at bearing capacity of reinforced SFR-CRAC beams.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma13040930","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,20]],"date-time":"2020-02-20T03:20:03Z","timestamp":1582168803000},"page":"930","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Bending Performance of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Beams Based on Composite-Recycled Aggregate and Matched with 500 MPa Rebars"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Xiaoke","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering and Communications, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China"},{"name":"International Joint Research Lab for Eco-building Materials and Engineering of Henan, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Songwei","family":"Pei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering and Communications, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kunpeng","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Joint Research Lab for Eco-building Materials and Engineering of Henan, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7057-3398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haibin","family":"Geng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Joint Research Lab for Eco-building Materials and Engineering of Henan, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3747-5168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fenglan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering and Communications, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China"},{"name":"International Joint Research Lab for Eco-building Materials and Engineering of Henan, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.021","article-title":"Performance of recycled aggregate concrete based on a new concrete recycling technology","volume":"95","author":"Lotfi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Constr. 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