{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T05:07:18Z","timestamp":1786424838097,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,7]],"date-time":"2020-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586217600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The precast shear wall behavior in the serviceability and ultimate limit states depends on the shear and shear-flexural behavior of the joints between the precast components or between the precast component and footing. This study presents a series of tests on the shear strength of joints, which were applied to the interface of precast shear walls. The tested parameters included the joint types, the numbers of shear keys, the existence of high strength steel bars inserted at the joints, and the levels of confining stress. The shear capacity, stiffness, and shear transfer mechanisms of these joints were investigated. It could be concluded that the epoxied and high strength reinforcing joints had consistently higher shear strength than that of dry and plain joints. For the specimens with an inclined angle at the end of the keys of less than 60 degrees, the width of the dry joint opening may be excessively large, resulting in large shear slip and the key not shearing-off under confining stress of less than 1.0 MPa. The tested results were compared with AASHTO and other design criteria. Several formulas regarding the joint shear capacities were also proposed according to the specifications and the tested results.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma13071726","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,8]],"date-time":"2020-04-08T05:59:47Z","timestamp":1586325587000},"page":"1726","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Experimental Study on the Shear Behavior of Precast Wall Concrete Joints with\/without Dowel Reinforcement"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Qing","family":"Zhi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhongheng Construction Group Co. LTD, Nanchang 330038, China"},{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinfu","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhongheng Construction Group Co. LTD, Nanchang 330038, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjie","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sha","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingang","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2017.05.183","article-title":"Quasi-static test and strut-and-tie modeling of precast concrete shear walls with grouted lap-spliced connections","volume":"150","author":"Zhi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Constr. 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Shear strength of steel fiber-reinforced concrete dry joints in precast segmental Bridges. J. Bridge Eng., 04016085.","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000968"},{"key":"ref_6","unstructured":"American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) (2010). LRFD Bridge Design Specifications, AASHTO."},{"key":"ref_7","unstructured":"ACI (American Concrete Institute) (2014). ACI318-14: Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete, American Concrete Institute."},{"key":"ref_8","unstructured":"(2014). JGJ 1-2014, Technical Specification for Precast Concrete Structures, Chinese code. (In Chinese)."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engstruct.2005.07.001","article-title":"Shear strength of dry joints of concrete panels with and without steel fibres: Application to precast segmental bridges","volume":"28","author":"Turmo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eng. Struct."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)1084-0702(2007)12:3(315)","article-title":"Structural behavior of single key Joints in precast concrete segmental bridges","volume":"12","author":"Issa","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Bridge Eng."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1002\/suco.201800054","article-title":"Effect of specimen thickness and coarse aggregate size on shear strength of single-keyed dry joints in precast concrete segmental bridges","volume":"20","author":"Jiang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Struc. Concr."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2018.03.017","article-title":"Improving flexural strength and toughness of geopolymer mortars through additively manufactured metallic rebars","volume":"145","author":"Farina","year":"2018","journal-title":"Compos. Part B: Eng."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engstruct.2015.11.035","article-title":"Toward combined local-average stress field modeling of reinforced concrete","volume":"111","author":"Jahanmohammadi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eng. Struct."},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"1","article-title":"Theory and experiments on the mechanical behavior of cracks in plain and reinforced concrete subjected to shear loading","volume":"26","author":"Walraven","year":"1981","journal-title":"Heron"},{"key":"ref_15","unstructured":"Rombach, G.A., and Specker, A. (2004). Segmentbr\u00fccken. Beton-Kalender, Teil 1, Verlag Ernst und Sohn. (In German)."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.15554\/pcij.03011972.55.75","article-title":"Shear Transfer in Reinforced Concrete\u2014Recent Research","volume":"17","author":"Mattock","year":"1972","journal-title":"PCI J."},{"key":"ref_17","unstructured":"(2002). 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ASCE"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.15554\/pcij.06011964.37.59","article-title":"Connections in precast concrete structures","volume":"9","author":"Gaston","year":"1964","journal-title":"PCI J."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-9445(1987)113:4(832)","article-title":"Concrete-to-concrete friction-closure","volume":"113","author":"Tassios","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Struct. Eng. ASCE"}],"container-title":["Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1944\/13\/7\/1726\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T09:16:10Z","timestamp":1760174170000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1944\/13\/7\/1726"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,7]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]}},"alternative-id":["ma13071726"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ma13071726","relation":{},"ISSN":["1996-1944"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1996-1944","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,7]]}}}