{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T02:23:30Z","timestamp":1790735010059,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,27]],"date-time":"2020-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595808000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Additive manufacturing is a key enabling technology in the manufacture of highly complex shapes, having very few geometric limitations compared to traditional manufacturing processes. The present paper aims at investigating mechanical properties at cryogenic temperatures for a 316L austenitic stainless steel, due to the wide possible cryogenic applications such as liquid gas confinement or superconductors. The starting powders have been processed by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) and tested in the as-built conditions and after stress relieving treatments. Mechanical properties at 298, 77 and 4.2 K from tensile testing are presented together with fracture surfaces investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy. The results show that high tensile strength at cryogenic temperature is characteristic for all samples, with ultimate tensile strength as high as 1246 MPa at 4.2 K and 55% maximum total elongation at 77 K. This study can constitute a solid basis for investigating 316L components by LPBF for specific applications in cryogenic conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma13153328","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,27]],"date-time":"2020-07-27T04:39:50Z","timestamp":1595824790000},"page":"3328","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Case Study of the Tensile Fracture Investigation of Additive Manufactured Austenitic Stainless Steels Treated at Cryogenic Conditions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8716-7844","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R\u00f3bert","family":"Bidulsk\u00fd","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Polythecnic of Turin, V.le T. Michel 5, 15121 Alessandria, Italy"},{"name":"Kosice Self-govering Region, Namestie Maratonu mieru 1, 04266 Kosice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3462-3148","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jana","family":"Bidulsk\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Deformation and Simulation Processes, Institute of Materials and Quality Engineering, Faculty of Materials, Metallurgy and Recycling, Technical University of Kosice, Vysokoskolska 4, 04200 Kosice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9595-1057","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federico Simone","family":"Gobber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Polythecnic of Turin, V.le T. Michel 5, 15121 Alessandria, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2443-9689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tibor","family":"Kva\u010dkaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Deformation and Simulation Processes, Institute of Materials and Quality Engineering, Faculty of Materials, Metallurgy and Recycling, Technical University of Kosice, Vysokoskolska 4, 04200 Kosice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrik","family":"Petrou\u0161ek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Deformation and Simulation Processes, Institute of Materials and Quality Engineering, Faculty of Materials, Metallurgy and Recycling, Technical University of Kosice, Vysokoskolska 4, 04200 Kosice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9258-6939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Actis-Grande","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Polythecnic of Turin, V.le T. Michel 5, 15121 Alessandria, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaus-Peter","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Technical Physics (ITEM), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2876-143X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diego","family":"Manfredi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Polythecnic of Turin, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4321","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-019-04817-5","article-title":"Effect of sample orientation on the microstructure and microhardness of additively manufactured AlSi10Mg processed by high-pressure torsion","volume":"106","author":"Yusuf","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. 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