{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T03:21:33Z","timestamp":1789269693633,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,14]],"date-time":"2020-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597363200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004955","name":"\u00d6sterreichische Forschungsf\u00f6rderungsgesellschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["855231"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["855231"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004955","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>To avoid failures due to hydrogen embrittlement, it is important to know the amount of hydrogen absorbed by certain steel grades under service conditions. When a critical hydrogen content is reached, the material properties begin to deteriorate. The hydrogen uptake and embrittlement of three different carbon steels (API 5CT L80 Type 1, P110 and 42CrMo4) was investigated in autoclave tests with hydrogen gas (H2) at elevated pressure and in ambient pressure tests with hydrogen sulfide (H2S). H2 gas with a pressure of up to 100 bar resulted in an overall low but still detectable hydrogen absorption, which did not cause any substantial hydrogen embrittlement in specimens under a constant load of 90% of the specified minimum yield strength (SMYS). The amount of hydrogen absorbed under conditions with H2S was approximately one order of magnitude larger than under conditions with H2 gas. The high hydrogen content led to failures of the 42CrMo4 and P110 specimens.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma13163604","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,14]],"date-time":"2020-08-14T08:28:35Z","timestamp":1597393715000},"page":"3604","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["Hydrogen Uptake and Embrittlement of Carbon Steels in Various Environments"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4240-6108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anton","family":"Trautmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department General, Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, Franz-Josef-Strasse 18, 8700 Leoben, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregor","family":"Mori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department General, Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, Franz-Josef-Strasse 18, 8700 Leoben, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Oberndorfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Green Gas Technology, RAG Austria AG, Schwarzenbergplatz 16, 1015 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Bauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Green Gas Technology, RAG Austria AG, Schwarzenbergplatz 16, 1015 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Holzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department General, Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, Franz-Josef-Strasse 18, 8700 Leoben, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Dittmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research &amp; Development, voestalpine Tubulars GmbH &amp; Co KG, Alpinestrasse 17, 8652 Kindberg, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1098\/rspl.1874.0024","article-title":"On some remarkable changes produced in iron and steel by the action of hydrogen and acids","volume":"23","author":"Johnson","year":"1875","journal-title":"Proc. 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