{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T05:36:16Z","timestamp":1788240976735,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,15]],"date-time":"2020-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602720000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Friction stir welding of 1016 pure aluminum and T2 pure copper with 2 mm thickness was carried out in the form of lap welding of copper on the upper side and aluminum on the lower side. The growth of interface microstructure between 1016 pure aluminum and T2 pure copper welded by friction stir welding was studied. The growth mechanism of the intermetallic compound (IMC) layer in the Cu-Al lap joint was revealed by annealing at 300, 350, 400 \u00b0C. The intermetallic compound (IMC) layer in the lap joint grows again during annealing, and only the original structure of the intermetallic compound (IMC) layer grows at lower annealing temperature and holding time. At higher annealing temperature and holding time, the original structure of intermetallic compound (IMC) layer no longer grows, and a new layered structure appears in the middle of the original structure. There is a gradient change of microhardness in the nugget zone. With different holding times, different softening phenomena appear in the metals on both sides of copper and aluminum. When the hardness decreases to a certain extent, it will not continue to decrease with the increase of holding time. When the annealing temperature is 350 \u00b0C and 400 \u00b0C, the strength of the tensile sample increases first and then decreases with the increase of holding time. At the interface of Cu-Al, the fracture runs through the whole intermetallic compound (IMC) layer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma13204591","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,15]],"date-time":"2020-10-15T21:42:21Z","timestamp":1602798141000},"page":"4591","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Effect of Post-Weld Annealing on Microstructure and Growth Behavior of Copper\/Aluminum Friction Stir Welded Joint"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yuhua","family":"Jin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals, School of Materials Scienceand Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China"},{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2633-3586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bo","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals, School of Materials Scienceand Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China"},{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuetian","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals, School of Materials Scienceand Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China"},{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yichu","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals, School of Materials Scienceand Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China"},{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zizheng","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals, School of Materials Scienceand Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China"},{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2009.10.127","article-title":"Weldability and mechanical properties of dissimilar aluminum\u2013copper lap joints made by friction stir welding","volume":"490","author":"Saeid","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. 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