{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T17:06:15Z","timestamp":1784394375801,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,20]],"date-time":"2020-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper focuses on the mechanical properties analysis of the high strength S700MC steel applied in welding joints. The research comprised mechanical tests for checking what the changes of tensile characteristics, mechanical parameters, resistance to impact, and fracture toughness look like in selected regions of the welding joint. Stress-strain curves have shown significant differences in the tensile characteristic shape and the values of Young\u2019s modulus, yield stress, ultimate tensile strength, and ductility due to the welding process applied. In the case of Charpy tests, the courses of the accumulated energy, force, deflection, and project velocity are presented, indicating the maximum value of absorbed energy, the same level of force during the first contact of the projectile with the specimens, and the significant variation of the velocity for the impact energy ranging from 50 J up to 300 J. On the basis of the fracture toughness tests, the distributions of the CTOD (Crack Tip Opening Displacement) values are presented for the parent material, HAZ (Heat Affected Zone) and weld. Moreover, the characteristic features of the fatigue pre-crack, transient and crack propagation zones are identified and discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma13225249","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,20]],"date-time":"2020-11-20T09:46:18Z","timestamp":1605865578000},"page":"5249","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Influence of the Welding Process on the Mechanical Characteristics and Fracture of the S700MC High Strength Steel under Various Types of Loading"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Tadeusz","family":"Szymczak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vehicle Type-Approval &amp; Testing, Motor Transport Institute, 03-301 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Makowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Material Testing, Motor Transport Institute, 03-301 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zbigniew L.","family":"Kowalewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Mechanics, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research PAN, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Billur, E., and Altan, T. (2020, November 20). Three generations of advanced high-strength steels for automotive applications. Part I, An FMA Publication. Available online: https:\/\/ercnsm.osu.edu\/sites\/default\/files\/uploads\/664-3.pdf."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"(2020, November 20). Advanced High-Strength Steels for Automotive; Automotive Technology, Automotive Innovations Engineering & Technology. Available online: https:\/\/www.automotive-technology.com\/."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"(2015). Strenx 700 MC Advanced High Strength Steel, SSAB. Data Sheet 2008 Strenx 700 MC."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Horvath, C.D. (2004). The Future Revolution in Automotive High Strength Steel Usage, Great Designs in Steel Seminar."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msea.2018.03.044","article-title":"Impact toughness of an S700MC-type steel: Tempforming vs ausforming","volume":"723","author":"Dolzhenko","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"ref_6","unstructured":"(2015). Welding of Strenx Advanced High Strength Steels, SSAB. 299-en-Welding of Strenx-Advanced High Strength Steels-V1-2015-Confetti."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Silva, A., Szczucka-Lasota, B., W\u0119grzyn, T., and Jurek, A. (2020). Welding of DOCOL 1200M using micro-jet cooling. Weld. Technol. Rev.","DOI":"10.26628\/wtr.v92i1.1087"},{"key":"ref_8","unstructured":"(2016). The Beauty, SSAB. Data sheet STRENX, 400-en-Strenx: The Beauty V2-2016 A plus M."},{"key":"ref_9","unstructured":"Hall, J.N. (2011). Evolution of Advanced High Strength Steels in Automotive Applications, Great Designs in Steel Seminar."},{"key":"ref_10","unstructured":"(2019). Van Trailers, SSAB. A Trailer for the Transportation of Food and Consumer Goods Over Both Short and Long Distances, 464-EN-Strenx\u00ae products for Van Trailers-2019-Confetti."},{"key":"ref_11","unstructured":"Keeler, S., Kimchi, M., and Mconey, P.J. (2017). Advanced High-Strength Steels Application Guidelines, World Auto Steel. Version 6.0."},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"40","article-title":"Materials Used in Automotive Manufacture and Material Selection Using Ashby Charts","volume":"8","author":"Fentahun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mater. Eng."},{"key":"ref_13","unstructured":"(2019). Timber Trailers, SSAB. Trailers for Carrying Timber, Both in Difficult Terrain and on Paved Roads, 460-EN-Strenx\u00ae Products for Timber Trailers-2019-Confetti."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matpr.2019.03.115","article-title":"Tow truck frame made of high strength steel under cyclic loading","volume":"12","author":"Szymczak","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mater. Today Proc."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1651","DOI":"10.1515\/amm-2017-0253","article-title":"Laser welding of new grade of advanced high strength steel Strenx 1100 MC","volume":"62","author":"Piwnik","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch. Met. Mater."},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"369","article-title":"Improvement of strength and toughness: The effect on the weldability of high-strength steels used in offshore structures","volume":"231","author":"Kesse","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part B J. Eng. Manuf."},{"key":"ref_17","unstructured":"Nevasmaa, P., Karjalainen-Roikonen, P., Laukkanen, A., Nyk\u00e4nen, T., Ameri, A., Bj\u00f6rk, T., Limnell, T., and Kuoppala, J. (2010, January 17\u201320). Fracture characteristics of new ultra-high-strength steel with yield strengths 900\u2013960 MPa. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference Super-High Strength Steels (SHSS), Peschiera del Garda, Milano, Italy."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.5545\/sv-jme.2011.281","article-title":"Experimental Investigation of High-Strength Structural Steel Welds","volume":"58","author":"Ismar","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Mech. Eng."},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"226","article-title":"Strength and fracture toughness of the welded joints made of high-strength ferritic steel","volume":"7","author":"Dzioba","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Mech. Autom."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1703","DOI":"10.1007\/s10853-018-2886-z","article-title":"Micromechanical evaluation of DP1000-GI dual-phase high-strength steel resistance spot weld","volume":"54","author":"Chabok","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"ref_21","unstructured":"(2016). Metallic Materials\u2013Charpy Pendulum Impact Test\u2013Part 1: Test Method, ISO. PN-EN ISO 148-1:2016."},{"key":"ref_22","unstructured":"(2008). Standard Test Method for Crack-Tip Opening Displacement (CTOD) Fracture Toughness Measurement, ASTM. ASTM E1290-08."},{"key":"ref_23","unstructured":"(2020). Standard Test Method for Measurement of Fracture Toughness, ASTM. ASTM E1820\u201320."},{"key":"ref_24","unstructured":"(2012). Standard Test Method for Linear-Elastic Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness KIc of Metallic Materials, ASTM. ASTM E399-12."},{"key":"ref_25","unstructured":"(2011). Metallic Materials-Determination of Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness, ISO. PN-EN ISO 12737:2011."},{"key":"ref_26","unstructured":"(2015). Standard Test Method for Measurement of Fatigue Crack Growth Rates, ASTM. ASTM E647-15e1."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schmidov\u00e1, E., Bozkurt, F., Culek, B., Kumar, S., Kucharikov\u00e1, L., and Uhr\u00ed\u010dik, M. (2019). Influence of welding on dynamic fracture toughness of Strenx 700MC steel. Metals, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/met9050494"}],"container-title":["Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1944\/13\/22\/5249\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T10:34:55Z","timestamp":1760178895000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1944\/13\/22\/5249"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,20]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"22","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]}},"alternative-id":["ma13225249"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ma13225249","relation":{},"ISSN":["1996-1944"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1996-1944","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,20]]}}}