{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T23:40:14Z","timestamp":1793835614440,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,6]],"date-time":"2021-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609891200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["VO 1487\/37-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VO 1487\/37-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Inorganically-bound core materials are used in foundries in high quantities. However, there is no validated mechanical failure criterion, which allows performing finite-element calculations on the core geometries, yet. With finite-element simulations, the cores could be optimised for various production processes from robotic core handling to the decoring process after the casting. To identify a failure criterion, we propose testing methods, that enable us to investigate the fracture behaviour of inorganically-bound core materials. These novel testing methods induce multiple bi-axial stress states into the specimens and are developed for cohesive frictional materials in general and for sand cores in particular. This allows validating failure criteria in principal stress space. We found that a Mohr-Coulomb model describes the fracture of inorganic core materials in a plane stress state quite accurately and adapted it to a failure criterion, which combines the Mohr-Coulomb model with the Weakest-Link theory in one consistent mechanical material model. This novel material model has been successfully utilised to predict the fracture force of a Brazilian test. This prediction is based on the stress fields of a finite element method (FEM) calculation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma14020247","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,6]],"date-time":"2021-01-06T20:45:42Z","timestamp":1609965942000},"page":"247","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["A Plane Stress Failure Criterion for Inorganically-Bound Core Materials"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7211-730X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philipp","family":"Lechner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair of Metal Forming and Casting, Technical University of Munich, Walther-Meissner-Strasse 4, 85748 Garching, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7565-3709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christoph","family":"Hartmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair of Metal Forming and Casting, Technical University of Munich, Walther-Meissner-Strasse 4, 85748 Garching, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Ettemeyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fraunhofer Research Institution for Casting, Composite and Processing Technology IGCV, Walther-Meissner-Strasse 4, 85748 Garching, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfram","family":"Volk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair of Metal Forming and Casting, Technical University of Munich, Walther-Meissner-Strasse 4, 85748 Garching, Germany"},{"name":"Fraunhofer Research Institution for Casting, Composite and Processing Technology IGCV, Walther-Meissner-Strasse 4, 85748 Garching, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"271","article-title":"Foundry Technology","volume":"Volume 1","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ullmann\u2019s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmatprotec.2017.10.027","article-title":"De-agglomeration rate of silicate bonded sand cores during core removal","volume":"252","author":"Stauder","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. 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