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The nanoscale dimensions of the ZrO2 film is affected by the substrate nature and roughness. This study evidenced that the mechanism of Zr-EAD is dependent on the potential applied and on the substrate composition, whereas conversion coating is uniquely dependent on the adsorption reaction time. The zirconium oxide based nanofilms were more homogenous in AA2024 substrates if compared to pure Al grade (AA1100). It was justified by the high content of Cu alloying element present in the grain boundaries of the latter. Such intermetallic active sites favor the obtaining of ZrO2 films, as demonstrated by XPS and AFM results. From a mechanistic point of view, the electrochemical reactions take place simultaneously with the conventional chemical conversion process driven by ions diffusion. Such findings will bring new perspectives for the generation of controlled oxide coatings in modified electrodes used, as for example, in the construction of battery cells; in automotive and in aerospace industries, to replace micrometric layers of zinc phosphate by light-weight zirconium oxide nanometric ones. This study is particularly addressed for the reduction of industrial waste by applying green bath solutions without the need of auxiliary compounds and using lightweight ceramic materials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma14041043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,23]],"date-time":"2021-02-23T12:40:16Z","timestamp":1614084016000},"page":"1043","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Green Nanocoatings Based on the Deposition of Zirconium Oxide: The Role of the Substrate"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0876-2619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vitor","family":"Bonamigo Moreira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Campus Diagonal Bes\u00f2s (EEBE), C\/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Building I, 2nd Floor, 08019 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Post-Graduation Program in Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering (PPGE3M), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gon\u00e7alves, 9500\u201391501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Puiggal\u00ed-Jou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Campus Diagonal Bes\u00f2s (EEBE), C\/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Building I, 2nd Floor, 08019 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Campus Diagonal Bes\u00f2s (EEBE), C\/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Building I, Basement Floor, 08019 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emilio","family":"Jim\u00e9nez-Piqu\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Campus Diagonal Bes\u00f2s (EEBE), C\/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Building I, Basement Floor, 08019 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Campus Diagonal Bes\u00f2s-EEBE, C\/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Building I, 1st Floor, 08019 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4462-6075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Alem\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Campus Diagonal Bes\u00f2s (EEBE), C\/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Building I, 2nd Floor, 08019 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Campus Diagonal Bes\u00f2s (EEBE), C\/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Building I, Basement Floor, 08019 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9609-2821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alvaro","family":"Meneguzzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post-Graduation Program in Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering (PPGE3M), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. 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