{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T21:56:50Z","timestamp":1770328610453,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":134,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,4]],"date-time":"2021-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this study, we used live viral particles from oral secretions from 17 people infected with SARS-CoV-2 and from 17 healthy volunteers, which were plated on a suitable medium complete for all microorganisms and minimal for L.salivarius growth. Both types of media also contained an appropriately prepared vector system pGEM-5Zf (+) based on the lactose operon (beta-galactosidase system). Incubation was carried out on both types of media for 24 h with the addition of 200 \u03bcL of Salistat SGL03 solution in order to test its inhibitory effect on the coronavirus contained in the oral mucosa and nasopharynx, visible as light blue virus particles on the test plates, which gradually disappeared in the material collected from infected persons over time. Regardless of the conducted experiments, swabs were additionally taken from the nasopharynx of infected and healthy people after rinsing the throat and oral mucosa with Salistat SGL03. In both types of experiments, after 24 h of incubation on appropriate media with biological material, we did not find any virus particles. Results were also confirmed by MIC and MBC tests. Results prove that lactoferrin, as one of the ingredients of the preparation, is probably a factor that blocks the attachment of virus particles to the host cells, determining its anti-viral properties. The conducted preliminary experiments constitute a very promising model for further research on the anti-viral properties of the ingredients contained in the Salistat SGL03 dietary supplement.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma14113086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,4]],"date-time":"2021-06-04T11:12:13Z","timestamp":1622805133000},"page":"3086","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Protective Action of L. salivarius SGL03 and Lactoferrin against COVID-19 Infections in Human Nasopharynx"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Marzena","family":"Kucia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"R&D Department Nutropharma LTD, Jedno\u015bci 10A, 05-506 Lesznowola, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ewa","family":"Wietrak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&D Department Nutropharma LTD, Jedno\u015bci 10A, 05-506 Lesznowola, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4056-7792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mateusz","family":"Szymczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Virology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Majchrzak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, IX Wiek\u00f3w Kielc 19a, 25-516 Kielce, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4025-3750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"Kowalczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Nutrition, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Instytucka 3, 05-110 Jab\u0142onna, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1080\/08927014.2013.773317","article-title":"Mini-review: Lactoferrin: A bioinspired, anti-biofilm therapeutic","volume":"29","author":"Ammons","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biofouling"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1007\/s40496-017-0159-6","article-title":"Use of Probiotics and Oral Health","volume":"4","author":"Allaker","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. 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