{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T11:03:01Z","timestamp":1780570981337,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,3]],"date-time":"2022-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646265600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Transport containers for radioactive materials should withstand drop tests according to the regulations. In order to prevent a loss or dispersal of the internal radioactive materials in the drop tests, a tightening of the lid of the transport container should be maintained. The opening of the lid, due to the drop impact, might cause the dispersion of internal contents or a loss of shielding performance. Thus, it is crucial to predict damage to the fastening bolt and its fracture. In this study, the damage parameters of the fastening bolt were acquired, and its fracture was predicted using the generalized incremental stress state-dependent damage model (GISSMO), a phenomenological damage model. Since the dedicated transport container is large and heavy, various jigs that can simulate the fall of the container were designed, and the accuracy of fracture prediction was verified. Digital image correlation (DIC) was introduced for the accurate measurement of the displacement, and load\u2013displacement data for tensile, shear, and combined loads were successfully acquired. Finally, the load\u2013displacement curve of the finite element analysis (FEA) with GISSMO until the point of the bolt fracture was compared with the curve obtained from the experiment, where a good agreement was observed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma15051893","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,3]],"date-time":"2022-03-03T09:24:53Z","timestamp":1646299493000},"page":"1893","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Determination and Verification of GISSMO Fracture Properties of Bolts Used in Radioactive Waste Transport Containers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Bonjoon","family":"Gu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Future Convergence Engineering, Kongju National University, Cheonan 31080, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8044-1724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jongmin","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon 34057, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5569-6285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seokmoo","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Future Convergence Engineering, Kongju National University, Cheonan 31080, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Future Automotive Engineering, Kongju National University, Cheonan 31080, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"IAEA (2018). 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LS-OPT User\u2019s Manual, LSTC, Livermore Software Technology Corporation."}],"container-title":["Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1944\/15\/5\/1893\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T22:31:33Z","timestamp":1760135493000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1944\/15\/5\/1893"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,3]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]}},"alternative-id":["ma15051893"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ma15051893","relation":{},"ISSN":["1996-1944"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1996-1944","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,3]]}}}