{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T19:38:18Z","timestamp":1782416298165,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,26]],"date-time":"2022-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650931200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST-110-2628-E-992 -002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST-110-2628-E-992 -002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>TiNi intermetallic alloys were prepared with 2, 4 and 6 at.% niobium (Nb) addition. The mechanical properties and microstructures of the alloys were investigated under both static (1 \u00d7 10\u22121 to 1 \u00d7 10\u22123 s\u22121) and dynamic (4 \u00d7 103 to 6 \u00d7 103 s\u22121) loading conditions. The intermetallic alloy structures and surface morphologies of the alloys were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. In addition, the fracture morphologies were observed by optical microscopy (OM). It was shown that the addition of 2 to 4 at.% Nb increased the strength of the TiNi alloy. However, as the level of Nb addition was further increased to 6 at.%, a significant reduction in strength occurred. For a constant Nb addition, the plastic flow stress and strain rate sensitivity increased with increasing strain rate under both loading conditions (static and dynamic). The XRD and SEM results showed that the original surface morphologies were composed primarily of dendritic structures and fine \u03b2-Nb + TiNi eutectic systems. Moreover, the OM results showed that the alloys underwent a transition from a brittle fracture mode to a ductile fracture mode as the level of Nb addition increased.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma15093124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,26]],"date-time":"2022-04-26T11:45:55Z","timestamp":1650973555000},"page":"3124","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Mechanical Properties and Microstructural Evolution of TiNi-Based Intermetallic Alloy with Nb Addition"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Hsin-Feng","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 80778, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5433-1812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tao-Hsing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 80778, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying-Ying","family":"Syu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 80778, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3064","DOI":"10.1007\/s10853-019-04106-2","article-title":"Mechanism of intermetallic compound formation during the dissimilar friction stir welding of aluminum and steel","volume":"55","author":"Tanaka","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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