{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:09:04Z","timestamp":1792789744646,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,25]],"date-time":"2022-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658707200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation","award":["075-15-2022-311"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["075-15-2022-311"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The feasibility of producing welding joints between 6061-T6 aluminum and pure copper sheets of 6 mm thickness by conventional friction stir welding (CFSW) and bobbin tool friction stir welding (BTFSW) by using a slot-groove configuration at the joining surface was investigated. The microstructure of the welded samples was examined by using an optical microscope and X-ray diffraction. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of the weld samples are compared based on the results of the tensile test, hardness measurement, and fractography test. The slot-groove configuration resulted in the presence of a bulk-sized Al block on the Cu side. The microscopic observations revealed the dispersion of fine Cu particles in the stir zone. The presence of intermetallic compounds (IMCs) CuAl2, which are hard and brittle, lowered the strength of the weld joints. The strength of the weld joints produced with BTFSW was superior to that of the C-FSW. The maximum hardness values of 214 HV and 211 HV are reported at the stir zone for BTFSW and CFSW, respectively. The fracture location of all the joints was at the intersection of the stir zone and the thermomechanically affected zone was on the Cu side.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma15155159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,25]],"date-time":"2022-07-25T21:20:59Z","timestamp":1658784059000},"page":"5159","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Microstructure and Mechanical Properties Analysis of Al\/Cu Dissimilar Alloys Joining by Using Conventional and Bobbin Tool Friction Stir Welding"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0117-6270","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kishan","family":"Fuse","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Raysan, Gandhinagar 382007, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vishvesh","family":"Badheka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Raysan, Gandhinagar 382007, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8104-1266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ankit D.","family":"Oza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar 382426, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0856-9712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chander","family":"Prakash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India"},{"name":"Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7305-0795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dharam","family":"Buddhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 Saint Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6959-0008","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saurav","family":"Dixit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 Saint Petersburg, Russia"},{"name":"Division of Research & Innovation, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1196-8004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N. I.","family":"Vatin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 Saint Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2011.12.045","article-title":"Investigation of annealing treatment on the interfacial properties of explosive-welded Al\/Cu\/Al multilayer","volume":"37","author":"Honarpisheh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mater. Des."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmatprotec.2016.04.014","article-title":"Influence of plate position, tool offset and tool rotational speed on mechanical properties and microstructures of dissimilar Al\/Cu friction stir welding joints","volume":"235","author":"Sahu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Mater. Process. 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A"}],"container-title":["Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1944\/15\/15\/5159\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T23:56:10Z","timestamp":1760140570000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1944\/15\/15\/5159"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,25]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"15","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]}},"alternative-id":["ma15155159"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ma15155159","relation":{},"ISSN":["1996-1944"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1996-1944","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,25]]}}}