{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T23:52:00Z","timestamp":1791503520635,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,4]],"date-time":"2022-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664841600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"VSB\u2014Technical University of Ostrava"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Spinel ferrites are widely investigated for their widespread applications in high-frequency and energy storage devices. This work focuses on enhancing the magnetic and dielectric properties of Ni0.25Cu0.25Zn0.50 ferrite series through non-thermal microwave plasma exposure under low-pressure conditions. A series of Ni0.25Cu0.25Zn0.50 ferrites was produced using a facile sol\u2013gel auto-ignition approach. The post-synthesis plasma treatment was given in a low-pressure chamber by sustaining oxygen plasma with a microwave source. The structural formation of control and plasma-modified ferrites was investigated through X-ray diffraction analysis, which confirmed the formation of the fcc cubical structure of all samples. The plasma treatment did not affect crystallize size but significantly altered the surface porosity. The surface porosity increased after plasma treatment and average crystallite size was measured as about ~49.13 nm. Morphological studies confirmed changes in surface morphology and reduction in particle size on plasma exposure. The saturation magnetization of plasma-exposed ferrites was roughly 65% higher than the control. The saturation magnetization, remnant magnetization, and coercivity of plasma-exposed ferrites were calculated as 74.46 emu\/g, 26.35 emu\/g, and 1040 Oe, respectively. Dielectric characteristics revealed a better response of plasma-exposed ferrites to electromagnetic waves than control. These findings suggest that the plasma-exposed ferrites are good candidates for constructing high-frequency devices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma15196890","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,9]],"date-time":"2022-10-09T01:43:11Z","timestamp":1665279791000},"page":"6890","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Enhancement of Magnetic and Dielectric Properties of Ni0.25Cu0.25Zn0.50Fe2O4 Magnetic Nanoparticles through Non-Thermal Microwave Plasma Treatment for High-Frequency and Energy Storage Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Muhammad Adnan","family":"Munir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Yasin","family":"Naz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shazia","family":"Shukrullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Tamoor","family":"Ansar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Excellence in Solid State Physics, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8444-8392","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Umar","family":"Farooq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4161-6875","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Irfan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salim Nasar Faraj","family":"Mursal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8973-5035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stanislaw","family":"Legutko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2378-5678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jana","family":"Petr\u016f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Machining, Assembly and Engineering Metrology, Mechanical Engineering Faculty, V\u0160B-Technical University of Ostrava, 17, Listopadu 2172\/15, 70800 Ostrava, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7839-2767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marek","family":"Pag\u00e1\u010d","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FME, Department of Machining, Assembly and Engineering Metrology, VSB Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172\/15, 70800 Ostrava, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15740","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2020.03.287","article-title":"A review on MnZn ferrites: Synthesis, characterization and applications","volume":"46","author":"Thakur","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2019.09.026","article-title":"Exchange-coupled of soft and hard magnetic phases on the interfaces of Fe3C\/CoFe2O4 nanocomposites","volume":"46","author":"Ye","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saleem, S., Irfan, M., Naz, M.Y., Shukrullah, S., Munir, M.A., Ayyaz, M., Alwadie, A.S., Legutko, S., Petr\u016f, J., and Rahman, S. (2022). Investigating the Impact of Cu2+ Doping on the Morphological, Structural, Optical, and Electrical Properties of CoFe2O4 Nanoparticles for Use in Electrical Devices. Materials, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/ma15103502"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2014.10.051","article-title":"Sulfate radicals induced from peroxymonosulfate by magnetic ferrospinel MFe2O4 (M= Co, Cu, Mn, and Zn) as heterogeneous catalysts in the water","volume":"165","author":"Ren","year":"2015","journal-title":"Appl. Catal. B Environ."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2019.02.303","article-title":"Influence of the charge ordering and quantum effects in heterovalent substituted hexaferrites on their microwave characteristics","volume":"788","author":"Trukhanov","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Alloys Compd."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2016.05.200","article-title":"Improvement in magnetic behaviour of cobalt doped magnesium zinc nano-ferrites via co-precipitation route","volume":"684","author":"Sharma","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Alloys Compd."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.partic.2016.06.003","article-title":"Antibacterial properties of copper-substituted cobalt ferrite nanoparticles synthesized by co-precipitation method","volume":"30","author":"Samavati","year":"2017","journal-title":"Particuology"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10512","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2020.12.289","article-title":"Review on recent advances of zinc substituted cobalt ferrite nanoparticles: Synthesis characterization and diverse applications","volume":"47","author":"Vinosha","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"1234","article-title":"Mini-review: Ferrite nanoparticles in the catalysis","volume":"212","author":"Boris","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arab. J. Chem."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2021.12.343","article-title":"Effects of Ni2+ concentration on the composition, structure, magnetic properties, and DC-bias superposition characteristics of NiCuZn ferrites","volume":"448","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmmm.2019.166273","article-title":"RF complex permeability spectra of Ni-Cu-Zn ferrites prepared under different applied hydraulic pressures and durations for wireless power transfer (WPT) applications","volume":"499","author":"Lathiya","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Magn. Magn. Mater."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2008.02.095","article-title":"Magnetic properties of low Mn-doped NiCuZn nanocrystalline ferrites","volume":"470","author":"Chu","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Alloys Compd."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2020.105369","article-title":"Effect of reaction condition on microstructure and properties of (NiCuZn) Fe2O4 nanoparticles synthesized via co-precipitation with ultrasonic irradiation","volume":"71","author":"Peng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ultrason. Sonochem."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3077","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2012.09.087","article-title":"Effect of sintering temperature on electromagnetic properties of NiCuZn ferrite","volume":"39","author":"Sujatha","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mseb.2006.04.043","article-title":"Structural, dielectric and magnetic properties of NiCuZn ferrite grown by citrate precursor method","volume":"133","author":"Dimri","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. B"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2001404","DOI":"10.1109\/TMAG.2017.2695454","article-title":"Effect of CO2O3 addition on stability of permeability to an impulse magnetic field in NiCuZn ferrites","volume":"53","author":"Yan","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Magn."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpcs.2013.04.014","article-title":"Effect of TiO2 on electrical and magnetic properties of Ni0.35Cu0.12Zn0.35Fe2O4 synthesized by the microwave\u2013hydrothermal method","volume":"74","author":"Praveena","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. Solids"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/j.materresbull.2008.06.021","article-title":"The effect of calcining temperature on the magnetic properties of the ultra-fine NiCuZn-ferrites","volume":"44","author":"Kim","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mater. Res. Bull."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2010.06.178","article-title":"Synthesis characterization and magnetic properties of Cr-substituted NiCuZn nanocrystalline ferrite","volume":"506","author":"Bayoumy","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Alloys Compd."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3325","DOI":"10.1007\/s11664-020-08047-4","article-title":"Comparison of magnetic properties of low-temperature-fired NiCuZn ferrites under low-and high-Bi2O3 doping modes","volume":"49","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Electron. Mater."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10652","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2020.01.071","article-title":"Synthesis of V2O5-Doped and low-sintered NiCuZn ferrite with uniform grains and enhanced magnetic properties","volume":"46","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162906","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2021.162906","article-title":"Magnetic and dielectric properties of NiCuZn ferrite with optimized Cu content and sintered by a two-step process","volume":"898","author":"Ji","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Alloys Compd."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1080\/02726351.2020.1748148","article-title":"Synthesis of NiCuZn ferrite nanoparticles from metallic nitrate solutions using the microwave direct denitration method and evaluation of its properties","volume":"39","author":"Karisma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Part. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.3233\/MGC-210065","article-title":"Effect of microwave plasma treatment on magnetic and photocatalytic response of manganese ferrite nanoparticles for wastewater treatment","volume":"20","author":"Naz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Main Group Chem."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Inayat, A., Tariq, R., Khan, Z., Ghenai, C., Kamil, M., Jamil, F., and Shanableh, A. (2020). A comprehensive review on advanced thermochemical processes for bio-hydrogen production via microwave and plasma technologies. Biomass Convers. Biorefinery, 1\u201310.","DOI":"10.1007\/s13399-020-01175-1"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125050","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2020.125050","article-title":"Synergy of Ni dopant and oxygen vacancies in ZnO for efficient photocatalytic depolymerization of sodium lignosulfonate","volume":"394","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1007\/s00339-022-05448-6","article-title":"Tuning the structure, optical, and magnetic properties of nanostructured NiMoO4 by nitrogen plasma treatment","volume":"128","author":"Waly","year":"2022","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. A"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surfin.2021.101296","article-title":"Synthesis and characterization of TiO2 doped cobalt ferrite nanoparticles via microwave method: Investigation of photocatalytic performance of congo red degradation dye","volume":"25","author":"Magdalane","year":"2021","journal-title":"Surf. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2020.157341","article-title":"Polypyrrole-based nanocomposites architecture as multifunctional material for futuristic energy storage applications","volume":"855","author":"Ansar","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Alloys Compd."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mseb.2021.115202","article-title":"Correlation between chemical composition, electrical, magnetic and microwave properties in Dy-substituted Ni-Cu-Zn ferrites","volume":"270","author":"Almessiere","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. B"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152945","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2019.152945","article-title":"Synthesis, morphology, crystallite size and adsorption properties of nanostructured Mg\u2013Zn ferrites with enhanced porous structure","volume":"819","author":"Tatarchuk","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Alloys Compd."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2018.11.054","article-title":"Morphology-controllable preparation of NiFe2O4 as high performance electrode material for supercapacitor","volume":"296","author":"Gao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Electrochim. Acta"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2020.125198","article-title":"Efficient energy storage and fast switching capabilities in Nd-substituted La2Sn2O7 pyrochlores","volume":"396","author":"Quader","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2020.07.005","article-title":"A novel bulk density-based recognition method for kitchen and dry waste: A case study in Beijing, China","volume":"114","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Waste Manag."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130903","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.130903","article-title":"Annealing temperature effect on cobalt ferrite nanoparticles for photocatalytic degradation","volume":"281","author":"Swathi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_36","unstructured":"Tariq, M.J., Ali, Y., Iqbal, S., Hussain, A.A., and Firdous, M. Micro Wave Plasma Treatment of Zinc doped Barium ferrites nanoparticles synthesized by chemical co-precipitation technique."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2019.06.077","article-title":"Facile surface modification of immobilized rutile nanoparticles by non-thermal glow discharge plasma: Effect of treatment gases on photocatalytic process","volume":"490","author":"Zolfaghari","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl. Surf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153059","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2019.153059","article-title":"Equivalent permeability and permittivity of Sm substituted Mg\u2013Cd ferrites for high-frequency applications","volume":"819","author":"Gan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Alloys Compd."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5813","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2012.04.029","article-title":"Effects of heat treatment conditions on the structural and magnetic properties of MgCuZn nano ferrite","volume":"38","author":"Sujatha","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physb.2014.09.003","article-title":"Effect of calcination temperature on microstructure, dielectric, magnetic and optical properties of Ba0.7La0.3Fe11.7Co0.3O19 hexaferrites","volume":"456","author":"Kaur","year":"2015","journal-title":"Phys. B Condens. Matter"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1007\/s12598-014-0376-2","article-title":"Structure and magnetic properties of NiCuZn ferrite materials with La doping","volume":"36","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rare Met."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-8842(02)00194-3","article-title":"Preparation and characterization of nanosize Mn0.4Zn0.6 Fe2O4 ferrite by citrate precursor method","volume":"29","author":"Thakur","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1676","DOI":"10.1016\/j.materresbull.2009.04.006","article-title":"Fabrication of aligned ferrite nanofibers by magnetic-field-assisted electrospinning coupled with oxygen plasma treatment","volume":"44","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mater. Res. Bull."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504004","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6463\/abb622","article-title":"Size-dependent magnetic hardening in CoFe2O4 nanoparticles: Effects of surface spin canting","volume":"53","author":"Mohapatra","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Phys. D Appl. Phys."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234105","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4938118","article-title":"Mn doping instigated multiferroicity and magneto-dielectric coupling in KNbO3","volume":"118","author":"Manikandan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phys."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/jace.12773","article-title":"Decoding the Fingerprint of Ferroelectric Loops: Comprehension of the Material Properties and Structures","volume":"97","author":"Jin","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Am. Ceram. Soc."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9886","DOI":"10.1007\/s10854-021-05647-6","article-title":"Structural, optical, and magnetic properties of Pr substituted Li\u2013Ni Ferrites prepared by citrate -precursor method","volume":"32","author":"Kumar","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115608","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mseb.2022.115608","article-title":"Tailoring magnetic properties through variation of cations distribution in Zn-Cu ferrite nanoparticles prepared by exploding wire technique","volume":"278","author":"Singh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. B"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159068","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2021.159068","article-title":"Rietveld refined structure, ferroelectric, magnetic and magnetoelectric response of Gd-substituted Ni-Cu-Zn ferrite and Ca, Zr co-doped BaTiO3 multiferroic composites","volume":"867","author":"Das","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Alloys Compd."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jscs.2021.101306","article-title":"The impact of highly paramagnetic Gd3+ cations on structural, spectral, magnetic and dielectric properties of spinel nickel ferrite nanoparticles","volume":"25","author":"Anwar","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Saudi Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1007\/s00339-020-03529-y","article-title":"Comparative study of frequency-dependent dielectric properties of ferrites MFe2O4 (M = Co, Mg, Cr and Mn) nanoparticles","volume":"126","author":"Mumtaz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. A"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128859","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2020.128859","article-title":"Structural, spectral, magnetic and dielectric properties of Bi substituted Li-Co spinel ferrites","volume":"1221","author":"Junaid","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mol. Struct."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2405","DOI":"10.1007\/s10948-021-05941-8","article-title":"Enhanced magnetic and permeability properties of Mn-substituted NiCuZn nanoparticles for ferrite core application","volume":"34","author":"Gaikwad","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Supercond. Nov. Magn."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2019.05.183","article-title":"Effect of zirconium doping in the microstructure, magnetic and dielectric properties of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles","volume":"799","author":"Kavitha","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Alloys Compd."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2022.164361","article-title":"Impedance spectroscopy and giant permittivity study of ZnFe2O4 spinel ferrite as a function of frequency and temperature","volume":"906","author":"Hajlaoui","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Alloys Compd."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4074","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2021.10.197","article-title":"Fe+3-Mn+4 and Ti+4-Mn+3 interactions effect on the structural, electronic, magnetic and magnetoelectronic properties of perovskite manganites","volume":"48","author":"Singh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5648","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matpr.2022.04.966","article-title":"Impedance spectroscopy analysis of SnS chalcogenide semiconductors","volume":"62","author":"Hegde","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mater. Today Proc."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-8842(01)00040-2","article-title":"Role of sintering on magneto-electric effect in CuFe1.8Cr0.2O4\u2013Ba0.8Pb0.2Ti0.8Zr0.2O3 composite ceramics","volume":"27","author":"Patankar","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169054","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmmm.2022.169054","article-title":"Investigation into the structural and magnetic features of nickel doped U-type hexaferrites prepared through sol\u2013gel method","volume":"549","author":"Kausar","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Magn. Magn. Mater."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3271","DOI":"10.1002\/pc.25618","article-title":"Ferroelectric polymer\/ceramic nanocomposites with low energy losses","volume":"41","author":"Saba","year":"2020","journal-title":"Polym. Compos."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rinp.2018.01.048","article-title":"Structural and magnetic properties of Ni0.8M0.2Fe2O4 (M= Cu, Co) nano-crystalline ferrites","volume":"9","author":"Babu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Results Phys."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33508","DOI":"10.1038\/srep33508","article-title":"Enhanced dielectric properties of poly (vinylidene fluoride) composites filled with nano iron oxide-deposited barium titanate hybrid particles","volume":"6","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-5861(02)00349-8","article-title":"Dielectric loss and phase transition of sodium potassium niobate ceramic investigated by impedance spectroscopy","volume":"78","author":"Nobre","year":"2003","journal-title":"Catal. Today"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmmm.2016.04.020","article-title":"Rietveld refinement, impedance spectroscopy and magnetic properties of Bi0.8Sr0.2FeO3 substituted Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 ceramics","volume":"414","author":"Kumari","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Magn. Magn. Mater."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7878","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1622998","article-title":"Spectroscopic impedance study of nanocrystalline diamond films","volume":"94","author":"Ye","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phys."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2019.08.170","article-title":"Analysis of dielectric dispersion and magnetoelectric coupling in BiFeO3 and NiFe2O4 nanocomposites","volume":"45","author":"Khalid","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14576","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2019.04.175","article-title":"Correlation of La-mediated structural transition and dielectric relaxation in Bi2Mg2\/3Nb4\/3O7 pyrochlores","volume":"45","author":"Hassan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRev.83.121","article-title":"On the dispersion of resistivity and dielectric constant of some semiconductors at audiofrequencies","volume":"83","author":"Koops","year":"1951","journal-title":"Phys. Rev."},{"key":"ref_69","unstructured":"Maxwell, J.C. (1873). A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism, Clarendon Press."}],"container-title":["Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1944\/15\/19\/6890\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:46:24Z","timestamp":1760143584000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1944\/15\/19\/6890"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,4]]},"references-count":69,"journal-issue":{"issue":"19","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]}},"alternative-id":["ma15196890"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ma15196890","relation":{},"ISSN":["1996-1944"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1996-1944","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,4]]}}}