{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:53:48Z","timestamp":1787028828404,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]],"date-time":"2022-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665446400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Romanian Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digitalization","award":["26\/30.12.2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["26\/30.12.2021"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Indium and its compounds have many industrial applications and are widely used in the manufacture of liquid crystal displays, semiconductors, low temperature soldering, and infrared photodetectors. Indium does not have its own minerals in the Earth\u2019s crust, and most commonly, indium is associated with the ores of zinc, lead, copper and tin. Therefore, it must be recovered as a by-product from other metallurgical processes or from secondary raw materials. The aim of this study is to investigate the adsorption properties for recovering indium from aqueous solutions using iron\u2013magnesium composite (MgFe2O4). In addition, the results show that the material offers very efficient desorption in 15% HCl solution, being used for 10 adsorption\u2013desorption cycle test. These results provide a simple and effective process for recovering indium. Present study was focuses on the synthesis and characterization of the material by physico-chemical methods such as: X-ray diffraction, FT-IR spectroscopy, followed by the adsorption tests. The XRD indicates that the MgFe2O4 phase was obtained, and the crystallite size was about 8 nm. New prepared adsorbent materials have a point of zero charge of 9.2. Studies have been performed to determine the influence of pH, initial indium solution concentration, material\/solution contact time and temperature on the adsorption capacity of the material. Adsorption mechanism was established by kinetic, thermodynamic and equilibrium studies. At equilibrium a maximum adsorption capacity of 46.4 mg\/g has been obtained. From kinetic and thermodynamic studies was proved that the studied adsorption process is homogeneous, spontaneous, endothermic and temperature dependent. Based on Weber and Morris model, we can conclude that the In (III) ions takes place at the MgFe2O4\/In (III) solution\u2013material interface.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma15207054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]],"date-time":"2022-10-11T22:18:13Z","timestamp":1665526693000},"page":"7054","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Indium Recovery by Adsorption on MgFe2O4 Adsorbents"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Loredana","family":"Cioc\u0103rlie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Polytechnic University of Timi\u015foara, Victoriei Square, No. 2, 300006 Timi\u015foara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7572-3703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adina","family":"Negrea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Polytechnic University of Timi\u015foara, Victoriei Square, No. 2, 300006 Timi\u015foara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mihaela","family":"Ciopec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Polytechnic University of Timi\u015foara, Victoriei Square, No. 2, 300006 Timi\u015foara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5015-9306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Narcis","family":"Duteanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Polytechnic University of Timi\u015foara, Victoriei Square, No. 2, 300006 Timi\u015foara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petru","family":"Negrea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Polytechnic University of Timi\u015foara, Victoriei Square, No. 2, 300006 Timi\u015foara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Ianasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, 144th Dr. A.P. Podeanu Street, 300569 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5137-8164","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catalin","family":"Ianasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cCoriolan Dr\u0103gulescu\u201d Institute of Chemistry, Bv. Mihai Viteazul, No. 24, 300223 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2532-2893","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicoleta Sorina","family":"Nemes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Renewable Energy Research Institute\u2014ICER, University Politehnica of Timisoara, 300501 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ces.2012.05.023","article-title":"Solid phase extraction, preconcentration and separation of indium with methylene crosslinked calix[4]- and calix[6]arene carboxylic acid resins","volume":"78","author":"Adhikari","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. 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