{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T08:07:53Z","timestamp":1788336473476,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,20]],"date-time":"2022-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666224000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002383","name":"King Saud University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RSP-2021\/256"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RSP-2021\/256"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002383","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002383","name":"King Saud University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PID2021-127763OB-100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2021-127763OB-100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002383","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n, Spain","award":["RSP-2021\/256"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RSP-2021\/256"]}]},{"name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n, Spain","award":["PID2021-127763OB-100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2021-127763OB-100"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>One of the sustainability goals in the aeronautical industry includes developing cost-effective, high-performance engine components possessing complex curved geometries with excellent dimensional precision and surface quality. In this regard, several developments in wire electric discharge machining have been reported, but the influence of flushing attributes is not thoroughly investigated and is thus studied herein. The influence of four process variables, namely servo voltage, flushing pressure, nozzle diameter, and nozzle\u2013workpiece distance, were analyzed on Inconel 718 in relation to geometrical errors (angular and radial deviations), spark gap formation, and arithmetic roughness. In this regard, thorough statistical and microscopical analyses are employed with mono- and multi-objective process optimization. The grey relational analysis affirms the reduction in the process\u2019s limitations, validated through confirmatory experimentation results as 0.109 mm spark gap, 0.956% angular deviation, 3.49% radial deviation, and 2.2 \u00b5m surface roughness. The novel flushing mechanism improved the spark gap by 1.92%, reducing angular and radial deviations by 8.24% and 29.11%, respectively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma15207330","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,20]],"date-time":"2022-10-20T22:49:46Z","timestamp":1666306186000},"page":"7330","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["A Novel Flushing Mechanism to Minimize Roughness and Dimensional Errors during Wire Electric Discharge Machining of Complex Profiles on Inconel 718"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4139-2082","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Umar","family":"Farooq","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2657-163X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saqib","family":"Anwar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Industrial Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8564-5905","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. Saravana","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Manufacturing Technology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9386-1720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdullah","family":"AlFaify","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Industrial Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0370-2118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Asad","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 54890, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2934-7609","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raman","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Production Engineering, Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana 141006, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2881-0166","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodolfo","family":"Haber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Automation and Robotics (CSIC-UPM), Spanish National Research Council-Technical University of Madrid, 28500 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2289","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-021-06916-8","article-title":"WEDM of Complex Profile of IN718: Multi-Objective GA-Based Optimization of Surface Roughness, Dimensional Deviation, and Cutting Speed","volume":"114","author":"Zahoor","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. 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