{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T04:23:15Z","timestamp":1790655795942,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,7]],"date-time":"2022-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670371200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The structural, morphological, and optical properties of Ni2+ ions substitution in CoCr2O4 matrix as ceramic pigments were investigated. The thermal decomposition of the dried gel was performed aiming to understand the mass changes during annealing. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies reveal a spinel-type Face\u2013Centered Cubic structure and a secondary Cr2O3 phase when x \u2264 0.75 and a Body\u2013Centered Tetragonal structure when x = 1. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT\u2013IR) indicated two strong absorption bands corresponding to the metal\u2013oxygen stretching from tetrahedral and octahedral sites, characteristic of spinel structure. Ultraviolet\u2013Visible (UV\u2013Vis) spectra exhibited the electronic transitions of the Cr2+ Cr3+ and Ni2+ ions. From the UV\u2013Vis data, the CIE color coordinates, (x, y) of the pigments were evaluated. The morphology was examined by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) showing the agglomeration behavior of the particles. The stability, coloring properties and potential ceramic applications of studied pigments were tested by their incorporation in matte and glossy tile glazes followed by the application of obtained glazes on ceramic tiles. This study highlights the change in pigment color (from turquoise to a yellowish green) with Ni2+ ions substitution in the CoCr2O4 spinel matrix.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma15248713","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,7]],"date-time":"2022-12-07T04:38:54Z","timestamp":1670387934000},"page":"8713","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The Effect of Ni2+ Ions Substitution on Structural, Morphological, and Optical Properties in CoCr2O4 Matrix as Pigments in Ceramic Glazes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Firuta","family":"Goga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babe\u015f-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos Street, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rares Adrian","family":"Bortnic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University, 1 Kogalniceanu Street, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Avram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babe\u015f-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos Street, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mioara","family":"Zagrai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0360-016X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucian","family":"Barbu Tudoran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electron Microscopy Center, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babes-Bolyai University, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1643-4543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raluca Anca","family":"Mereu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babe\u015f-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos Street, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31080","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2022.07.155","article-title":"Advances and challenges of ceramic pigments for inkjet printing","volume":"48","author":"Reinosa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ceram. 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