{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T00:58:53Z","timestamp":1792544333352,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":220,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]],"date-time":"2022-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671580800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001409","name":"Department of Science &amp; Technology, New Delhi, India","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SR\/FST\/ET-II\/2018\/221"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SR\/FST\/ET-II\/2018\/221"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001409","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001409","name":"Department of Science &amp; Technology, New Delhi, India","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PDF\/2017\/001206"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PDF\/2017\/001206"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001409","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Department of Science and Technology, India","award":["SR\/FST\/ET-II\/2018\/221"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SR\/FST\/ET-II\/2018\/221"]}]},{"name":"Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Department of Science and Technology, India","award":["PDF\/2017\/001206"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PDF\/2017\/001206"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Materials science and technology, with the advent of nanotechnology, has brought about innumerable nanomaterials and multi-functional materials, with intriguing yet profound properties, into the scientific realm. Even a minor functionalization of a nanomaterial brings about vast changes in its properties that could be potentially utilized in various applications, particularly for biological applications, as one of the primary needs at present is for point-of-care devices that can provide swifter, accurate, reliable, and reproducible results for the detection of various physiological conditions, or as elements that could increase the resolution of current bio-imaging procedures. In this regard, iron oxide nanoparticles, a major class of metal oxide nanoparticles, have been sweepingly synthesized, characterized, and studied for their essential properties; there are 14 polymorphs that have been reported so far in the literature. With such a background, this review\u2019s primary focus is the discussion of the different synthesis methods along with their structural, optical, magnetic, rheological and phase transformation properties. Subsequently, the review has been extrapolated to summarize the effective use of these nanoparticles as contrast agents in bio-imaging, therapeutic agents making use of its immune-toxicity and subsequent usage in hyperthermia for the treatment of cancer, electron transfer agents in copious electrochemical based enzymatic or non-enzymatic biosensors and bactericidal coatings over biomaterials to reduce the biofilm formation significantly.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma16010059","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,22]],"date-time":"2022-12-22T02:31:11Z","timestamp":1671676271000},"page":"59","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":100,"title":["Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: A Review on the Province of Its Compounds, Properties and Biological Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Priyannth Ramasami Sundhar","family":"Baabu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India"},{"name":"School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hariprasad Krishna","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India"},{"name":"Acrophase, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manju Bhargavi","family":"Gumpu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli 620 015, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jayanth","family":"Babu K","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India"},{"name":"School of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arockia Jayalatha","family":"Kulandaisamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John Bosco Balaguru","family":"Rayappan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India"},{"name":"School of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12","DOI":"10.2349\/biij.6.2.e12","article-title":"Development and use of iron oxide nanoparticles (Part 1): Synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles for MRI","volume":"6","author":"Lodhia","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biomed. 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