{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T11:19:46Z","timestamp":1767093586713,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,26]],"date-time":"2022-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018YFC1505504","52174109","222102320407","22IRTSTHN005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFC1505504","52174109","222102320407","22IRTSTHN005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018YFC1505504","52174109","222102320407","22IRTSTHN005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFC1505504","52174109","222102320407","22IRTSTHN005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Key Research and Development Project of Henan Province","award":["2018YFC1505504","52174109","222102320407","22IRTSTHN005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFC1505504","52174109","222102320407","22IRTSTHN005"]}]},{"name":"Program for Innovative Research Team (in Science and Technology) in University of Henan Province","award":["2018YFC1505504","52174109","222102320407","22IRTSTHN005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFC1505504","52174109","222102320407","22IRTSTHN005"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>For brittle and quasi-brittle materials such as rock and concrete, the impact-resistance characteristics of the corresponding engineering structures are key to successful application under complex service environments. Modeling of concrete-like slab fractures under impact loading is helpful to analyze the failure mechanism of an engineering structure. In this paper, simulation models of impact tests of a cement mortar slab were developed, and a continuum\u2013discontinuum element method (CDEM) was used for dynamic analysis. Concretely, the cracking simulations of a mortar slab when considering the hammer shape and impact velocity were conducted, and the impact process and failure results of the slab structure were analyzed. The results showed that the top fracture area of the mortar slab was significantly smaller than that of slab bottom under impact loadings of the drop hammer. The impact velocity was an important factor that affected the mortar slab\u2019s cracking. With the increase in the initial impact velocity, the effective fracture area of the slab structure increased significantly; the impact force and rupture degree of the mortar slab also showed a linear growth trend. The shapes of the impact hammerhead also had a significant effect on the crack model of the mortar slab. The effective fracture zones of slab structures were close under circular and square hammers, while the effective fracture zone was significantly larger under a rectangular hammer impact. The peak value (45.5 KN) of the impact force under a circular hammer was significantly smaller than the peak value (48.7 KN) of the impact force under the rectangular hammer. When considering the influence of the stress concentration of the impact hammerhead, the maximum impact stress of the rectangular hammer was 147.3 MPa, which was significantly greater than that of the circular hammer impact (maximum stress of 87.5 MPa). This may have meant that the slab structures were prone to a directional rupture that mainly propagated along the long axis of the rectangular hammerhead. This impact mode is therefore more suitable for rehabilitation and reconstruction projects of slab structures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma16010207","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]],"date-time":"2022-12-27T03:03:31Z","timestamp":1672110211000},"page":"207","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Investigation of the Fracture Characteristics of a Cement Mortar Slab under Impact Loading Based on the CDEM"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Qunlei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering and Communication, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Decai","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering and Communication, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinchao","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Water Conservancy and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chun","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruifu","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"136","article-title":"Review on China\u2019s road construction machinery research progress: 2018","volume":"31","author":"Ma","year":"2018","journal-title":"China J. 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