{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T19:25:35Z","timestamp":1790796335165,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]],"date-time":"2023-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NCN","award":["2019\/33\/B\/ST3\/00406"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019\/33\/B\/ST3\/00406"]}]},{"name":"NCN","award":["2021\/05\/X\/ST8\/00298"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021\/05\/X\/ST8\/00298"]}]},{"name":"NCN","award":["2019\/33\/B\/ST3\/00406"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019\/33\/B\/ST3\/00406"]}]},{"name":"NCN","award":["2021\/05\/X\/ST8\/00298"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021\/05\/X\/ST8\/00298"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This research focuses on LPE growth, and the examination of the optical and photovoltaic properties of single crystalline film (SCF) phosphors based on Ce3+-doped Y3MgxSiyAl5\u2212x\u2212yO12 garnets with Mg and Si contents in x = 0\u20130.345 and y = 0\u20130.31 ranges. The absorbance, luminescence, scintillation, and photocurrent properties of Y3MgxSiyAl5\u2212x\u2212yO12:Ce SCFs were examined in comparison with Y3Al5O12:Ce (YAG:Ce) counterpart. Especially prepared YAG:Ce SCFs with a low (x, y &lt; 0.1) concentration of Mg2+ and Mg2+\u2013Si4+ codopants also showed a photocurrent that increased with rising Mg2+ and Si4+ concentrations. Mg2+ excess was systematically present in as-grown Y3MgxSiyAl5\u2212x\u2212yO12:Ce SCFs. The as-grown SCFs of these garnets under the excitation of \u03b1\u2013particles had a low light yield (LY) and a fast scintillation response with a decay time in the ns range due to producing the Ce4+ ions as compensators for the Mg2+ excess. The Ce4+ dopant recharged to the Ce3+ state after SCF annealing at T &gt; 1000 \u00b0C in a reducing atmosphere (95%N2 + 5%H2). Annealed SCF samples exhibited an LY of around 42% and similar scintillation decay kinetics to those of the YAG:Ce SCF counterpart. The photoluminescence studies of Y3MgxSiyAl5\u2212x\u2212yO12:Ce SCFs provide evidence for Ce3+ multicenter formation and the presence of an energy transfer between various Ce3+ multicenters. The Ce3+ multicenters possessed variable crystal field strengths in the nonequivalent dodecahedral sites of the garnet host due to the substitution of the octahedral positions by Mg2+ and the tetrahedral positions by Si4+. In comparison with YAG:Ce SCF, the Ce3+ luminescence spectra of Y3MgxSiyAl5\u2212x\u2212yO12:Ce SCFs greatly expanded in the red region. Using these beneficial trends of changes in the optical and photocurrent properties of Y3MgxSiyAl5\u2212x\u2212yO12:Ce garnets as a result of Mg2+ and Si4+ alloying, a new generation of SCF converters for white LEDs, photovoltaics, and scintillators could be developed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma16051869","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]],"date-time":"2023-02-24T03:37:20Z","timestamp":1677209840000},"page":"1869","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Single Crystalline Films of Ce3+-Doped Y3MgxSiyAl5\u2212x\u2212yO12 Garnets: Crystallization, Optical, and Photocurrent Properties"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Vitaliy","family":"Gorbenko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physics, Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetiana","family":"Zorenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physics, Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2595-8130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Shakhno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physics, Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1868-3690","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"Popielarski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physics, Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andres","family":"Osvet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Department of Materials Science and Engineering VI, University of Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miroslaw","family":"Batentschuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Department of Materials Science and Engineering VI, University of Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Fedorov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SSI Institute for Single Crystals, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 61178 Kharkiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Mahlik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 57, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tadeusz","family":"Le\u015bniewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 57, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Majewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 57, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6641-3172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuriy","family":"Zorenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physics, Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Bardsley, N., Bland, S., Pattison, L., Pattison, M., Stober, K., Welsh, F., and Yamada, M. 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