{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T16:32:19Z","timestamp":1771605139499,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,7]],"date-time":"2023-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683417600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Agencia Nacional de Promoci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica y Tecnol\u00f3gica of Argentina","award":["PICT 2017-1276"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PICT 2017-1276"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Oral candidiasis is an opportunistic infection that affects mainly individuals with weakened immune system. Devices used in the oral area to treat this condition include buccal films, which present advantages over both oral tablets and gels. Since candidiasis causes pain, burning, and itching, the purpose of this work was to develop buccal films loaded with both lidocaine (anesthetic) and miconazole nitrate (MN, antifungal) to treat this pathology topically. MN was loaded in microparticles based on different natural polymers, and then, these microparticles were loaded in hydroxypropyl methylcellulose-gelatin-based films containing lidocaine. All developed films showed adequate adhesiveness and thickness. DSC and XRD tests suggested that the drugs were in an amorphous state in the therapeutic systems. Microparticles based on chitosan-alginate showed the highest MN encapsulation. Among the films, those containing the mentioned microparticles presented the highest tensile strength and the lowest elongation at break, possibly due to the strong interactions between both polymers. These films allowed a fast release of lidocaine and a controlled release of MN. Due to the latter, these systems showed antifungal activity for 24 h. Therefore, the treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis with these films could reduce the number of daily applications with respect to conventional treatments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma16093586","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,8]],"date-time":"2023-05-08T02:29:22Z","timestamp":1683512962000},"page":"3586","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Miconazole Nitrate Microparticles in Lidocaine Loaded Films as a Treatment for Oropharyngeal Candidiasis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4457-9099","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guillermo","family":"Tejada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo Materiales Compuestos Termopl\u00e1sticos, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda de Materiales, Av. Col\u00f3n 10850, Mar Del Plata 7600, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1099-3686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia L.","family":"Calvo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Qu\u00edmica Rosario, Suipacha 570, Rosario 2000, Argentina"},{"name":"\u00c1rea de An\u00e1lisis de Medicamentos, Departamento Qu\u00edmica Org\u00e1nica, Facultad de Ciencias Bioqu\u00edmicas y Farmac\u00e9uticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 570, Rosario 2000, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mauro","family":"Morri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Planta Piloto de Producci\u00f3n de Medicamentos, Facultad de Ciencias Bioqu\u00edmicas y Farmac\u00e9uticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 570, Rosario 2000, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4271-1690","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maximiliano","family":"Sortino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Referencia de Micolog\u00eda, \u00c1rea Farmacognosia, Departamento Qu\u00edmica Org\u00e1nica, Facultad de Ciencias Bioqu\u00edmicas y Farmac\u00e9uticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 570, Rosario 2000, Argentina"},{"name":"\u00c1rea Farmacognosia, Departamento Qu\u00edmica Org\u00e1nica, Facultad de Ciencias Bioqu\u00edmicas y Farmac\u00e9uticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 570, Rosario 2000, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Celina","family":"Lamas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Qu\u00edmica Rosario, Suipacha 570, Rosario 2000, Argentina"},{"name":"\u00c1rea T\u00e9cnica Farmac\u00e9utica, Departamento Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Bioqu\u00edmicas y Farmac\u00e9uticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 570, Rosario 2000, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4909-4592","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vera A.","family":"\u00c1lvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo Materiales Compuestos Termopl\u00e1sticos, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda de Materiales, Av. Col\u00f3n 10850, Mar Del Plata 7600, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2292-3570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dar\u00edo","family":"Leonardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Qu\u00edmica Rosario, Suipacha 570, Rosario 2000, Argentina"},{"name":"\u00c1rea T\u00e9cnica Farmac\u00e9utica, Departamento Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Bioqu\u00edmicas y Farmac\u00e9uticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 570, Rosario 2000, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204237","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/204237","article-title":"Candida Infections, Causes, Targets, and Resistance Mechanisms: Traditional and Alternative Antifungal Agents","volume":"2013","author":"Spampinato","year":"2013","journal-title":"BioMed Res. 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