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When subjected to underwater static pressure, extrusion and creep deformation always occur in the observation window, which can pose a threat to both safety and optical performance. To assess the deformation, real-time and non-contact monitoring methods are necessary. In this study, a conceptual setup based on the waveplate rotation and dual-DoFP (division of focal-plane polarimeter) polarization camera is built for the observation window\u2019s creep monitoring by measuring the Mueller matrix images of the samples under different pressures and durations. Then, a series of characteristic parameters, such as t1, R, r, R\u2032, are extracted from the Muller matrix images by Mueller matrix transformation (MMT), Mueller matrix polar decomposition (MMPD), correlation analysis and phase unwrapping method. The results demonstrate that these parameters can effectively describe the observation window\u2019s creep at different pressure levels which are simulated by finite element analysis. Additionally, more characterization parameters, such as \u03c8, A and D, are given from the Mueller matrix images and discussed to illustrate the method\u2019s potential for further applications and investigations. Ultimately, future devices based on this method could serve as a valuable tool for real-time and non-contact creep monitoring of the submersible observation windows.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma16134733","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]],"date-time":"2023-07-03T00:49:27Z","timestamp":1688345367000},"page":"4733","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Creep Monitoring of Submersible Observation Windows Using Mueller Matrix Imaging"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Haibo","family":"Tu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434100, China"},{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine IntelliSensing and Computation, Guangdong Research Center of Polarization Imaging and Measurement Engineering Technology, Institute for Ocean Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingying","family":"Bu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine IntelliSensing and Computation, Guangdong Research Center of Polarization Imaging and Measurement Engineering Technology, Institute for Ocean Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3088-2230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ran","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine IntelliSensing and Computation, Guangdong Research Center of Polarization Imaging and Measurement Engineering Technology, Institute for Ocean Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7597-3518","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hailong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7120-1860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guoliang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hening","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine IntelliSensing and Computation, Guangdong Research Center of Polarization Imaging and Measurement Engineering Technology, Institute for Ocean Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiachen","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine IntelliSensing and Computation, Guangdong Research Center of Polarization Imaging and Measurement Engineering Technology, Institute for Ocean Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9662-0447","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hui","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine IntelliSensing and Computation, Guangdong Research Center of Polarization Imaging and Measurement Engineering Technology, Institute for Ocean Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Stachiw, J.D. 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