{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T15:05:30Z","timestamp":1781190330328,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,17]],"date-time":"2023-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692230400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science and Technology Major Project","award":["2017-VII-0001-0094"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017-VII-0001-0094"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The turning process of titanium alloy material will affect the surface structure of the material and lead to a change in its service life. In this paper, the fatigue behavior of the TC17 titanium alloy turning sample was studied through the bending fatigue test. The fatigue life variation rule under the action of thermal coupling was then discussed. This revealed the fatigue fracture mechanism of TC17; the cracks originated from the surface of the source region, and the transient fault region was a ductile fracture. The mathematical model of turning parameters and surface integrity (roughness, microhardness and residual stress) was established, and the influence of turning parameters on fatigue life was analyzed with a mathematical relationship. Drawing a conclusion, the effects of turning parameters on fatigue life at normal temperature are as follows: Feed &gt; Cutting depth &gt; Cutting speed. The fatigue life of vc = 30 m\/min, f = 0.25 mm\/r, ap = 0.3 mm is only 40,586 cycles per week, the fatigue life of vc = 30 m\/min, f = 0.05 mm\/r, ap = 0.1 mm has 539,400 cycles per week, that is, the longest fatigue life is 16.6 times the smallest. Small cutting speed, feed, and large cut depth can be chosen based on ensuring practical processing efficiency. The fatigue fracture of the TC17 sample occurred after a certain cycle, and the fatigue fracture mechanism was revealed in this paper.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma16165658","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,17]],"date-time":"2023-08-17T10:47:02Z","timestamp":1692269222000},"page":"5658","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Effect of Cutting Surface Integrity on Fatigue Properties of TC17 Titanium Alloy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Dan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiyu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing High Speed & Accurate Gear (Group) Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xunqing","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guolong","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yinfei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10729","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matpr.2017.08.020","article-title":"Analysis of Hard Machining of Titanium Alloy by Taguchi Method","volume":"4","author":"Kumar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mater. Today Proc."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1843","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matpr.2017.02.028","article-title":"Optimization and influence of process parameters on surface roughness in turning of titanium alloy","volume":"4","author":"Ramana","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mater. Today Proc."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun, J., Huang, S., Wang, T., and Chen, W. (2018, January 11\u201313). Research on surface integrity of turning titanium alloy TB6. Proceedings of the CIRP Conference on Surface Integrity, Tianjin, China.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procir.2018.05.028"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2012.01.010","article-title":"Measurement and analysis of surface roughness in turning of aerospace titanium alloy (gr5)","volume":"45","author":"Ramesh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Measurement"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-0136(01)00926-8","article-title":"Tool life and surface integrity in turning titanium alloy","volume":"118","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Mater. Process. Technol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1081\/MST-200039865","article-title":"Workpiece Surface Integrity and Tool Life Issues When Turning Inconel 718\u2122 Nickel Based Superalloy","volume":"8","author":"Sharman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mach. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-0136(99)00365-9","article-title":"The impact of the tool material and the cutting parameters on surface roughness of supermet 718 nickel superalloy","volume":"97","author":"Darwish","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Mater. Process. Technol."},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"120","article-title":"Study on the roughness of the machined surface and wear mechanism of the cutter in dry cutting aluminum alloy with YG8 cemented carbide","volume":"6","author":"Liyun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Manuf. Technol. Mach. Tool"},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"271","article-title":"Optimization of the surface roughness in ball end milling of titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V using the Taguchi Method","volume":"20","author":"Mersni","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc. Manuf."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"19","article-title":"Study of Chip Morphology, Flank Wear on Different Machinability Conditions of Titanium Alloy (Ti-6AI-4V) Using Response Surface Methodology Approach","volume":"4","author":"Maity","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Mater. Form. Mach. Process."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-007-1147-0","article-title":"Optimization of turning parameters for surface roughness and tool life based on the Taguchi method","volume":"38","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cja.2022.07.018","article-title":"Cutting force model and damage formation mechanism in milling of 70 wt% Si\/Al composite","volume":"36","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chin. J. Aeron."},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"358","article-title":"Analysis of MRR and Surface Roughness in Machining Ti-6Al-4V ELI Titanium Alloy Using EDM Process","volume":"20","author":"Kumar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc. Manuf."},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"137","article-title":"An Investigation on Optimum Process Parameters in Terms of Surface Roughness for Turning Titanium Alloy Ti-6Al-4V Using Coated Carbide","volume":"4","author":"Mazid","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Eng. Mater. Manuf."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Matras, A., Zbala, W., and Machno, M. (2019). Research and Method of Roughness Prediction of a Curvilinear Surface after Titanium Alloy Turning. Materials, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/ma12030502"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrmhm.2009.11.011","article-title":"Statistical analysis of surface roughness and cutting forces using response surface methodology in hard turning of AISI 52100 bearing steel with CBN tool","volume":"28","author":"Bouacha","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Refract. Met. Hard Mater."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1080\/10402009908982228","article-title":"Tool Life and Surface Integrity When Machining Inconel 718 With PVD- and CVD-Coated Tools","volume":"42","author":"Ezugwu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Tribol. Trans."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmatprotec.2004.08.012","article-title":"The effect of machining on surface integrity of titanium alloy Ti\u20136% Al\u20134% V","volume":"166","author":"Jawaid","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Mater. Process. Tech."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1681","DOI":"10.1016\/S0890-6955(01)00034-7","article-title":"The effects of machined workpiece surface integrity on the fatigue life of \u03b3-titanium aluminide","volume":"41","author":"Sharman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2050","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfatigue.2008.01.005","article-title":"The effect of machining on the surface integrity and fatigue life","volume":"30","author":"Javidi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Fatigue"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procir.2018.05.029","article-title":"Surface integrity and its influence on fatigue life when turning nickel alloy GH4169","volume":"71","author":"Sun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Procedia CIRP"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actamat.2005.10.043","article-title":"Effect of shot peening on fatigue performance of a lamellar titanium aluminide alloy","volume":"54","author":"Lindemann","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Mater."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msea.2019.04.023","article-title":"An experimental study of residual stress and direction-dependence of fatigue crack growth behaviour in as-built and stress-relieved selective-laser-melted Ti6Al4V","volume":"755","author":"Syed","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. A"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1361\/105994999770346981","article-title":"Influence of cubic boron nitride grinding on the fatigue strengths of carbon steels and a nickel-base superalloy","volume":"8","author":"Kawagoishi","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Mater. Eng. Perform."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1007\/s11668-020-00894-x","article-title":"Fatigue lifetime prediction for oil tube material based on ABAQUS and FE-SAFE","volume":"20","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Fail. Anal. Prevent."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"035004","DOI":"10.1088\/2051-672X\/3\/3\/035004","article-title":"Uncertainty in measurement of surface topography","volume":"3","author":"Haitjema","year":"2015","journal-title":"Surf. Topogr. Metrol. Prop."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cirp.2014.03.086","article-title":"Practical estimation of measurement noise and flatness deviation on focus variation microscopes","volume":"63","author":"Giusca","year":"2014","journal-title":"CIRP Ann. Manuf. Technol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Podulka, P. (2022). Proposals of frequency-based and direction methods to reduce the influence of surface topography measurement errors. Coatings, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/coatings12060726"}],"container-title":["Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1944\/16\/16\/5658\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T20:35:41Z","timestamp":1760128541000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1944\/16\/16\/5658"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,17]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"16","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]}},"alternative-id":["ma16165658"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ma16165658","relation":{},"ISSN":["1996-1944"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1996-1944","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,17]]}}}