{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:32:19Z","timestamp":1790728339652,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]],"date-time":"2023-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698710400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["51872054"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51872054"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023A1515012700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023A1515012700"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202103030002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202103030002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202201020391"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202201020391"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202255464"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202255464"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","award":["51872054"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51872054"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","award":["2023A1515012700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023A1515012700"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","award":["202103030002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202103030002"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","award":["202201020391"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202201020391"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","award":["202255464"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202255464"]}]},{"name":"Key Area R&amp;D Program of Guangzhou","award":["51872054"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51872054"]}]},{"name":"Key Area R&amp;D Program of Guangzhou","award":["2023A1515012700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023A1515012700"]}]},{"name":"Key Area R&amp;D Program of Guangzhou","award":["202103030002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202103030002"]}]},{"name":"Key Area R&amp;D Program of Guangzhou","award":["202201020391"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202201020391"]}]},{"name":"Key Area R&amp;D Program of Guangzhou","award":["202255464"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202255464"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou","award":["51872054"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51872054"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou","award":["2023A1515012700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023A1515012700"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou","award":["202103030002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202103030002"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou","award":["202201020391"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202201020391"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou","award":["202255464"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202255464"]}]},{"name":"Key Discipline of Materials Science and Engineering, and the Bureau of Education of Guangzhou","award":["51872054"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51872054"]}]},{"name":"Key Discipline of Materials Science and Engineering, and the Bureau of Education of Guangzhou","award":["2023A1515012700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023A1515012700"]}]},{"name":"Key Discipline of Materials Science and Engineering, and the Bureau of Education of Guangzhou","award":["202103030002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202103030002"]}]},{"name":"Key Discipline of Materials Science and Engineering, and the Bureau of Education of Guangzhou","award":["202201020391"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202201020391"]}]},{"name":"Key Discipline of Materials Science and Engineering, and the Bureau of Education of Guangzhou","award":["202255464"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202255464"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this study, quasi-two-dimensional BixSn1\u2212xO2 (BTO) thin films were fabricated using a liquid metal transfer method. The ultraviolet (UV) photodetector based on BTO thin films was constructed, and the ultrahigh responsivity of 589 A\/W was observed at 300 nm UV light illumination. Interestingly, by dropping ethanol during light-off period, the recovery time induced by the persistent photoconductivity (PPC) effect is reduced from 1.65 \u00d7 103 s to 5.71 s. Furthermore, the recovery time can also be reduced by dropping methanol, propylene glycol, NaNO2, and Na2SO3 after light termination. The working mechanisms are attributed to the rapid consumption of holes stored in BTO thin films by reaction with those solutions. This work demonstrates that the BTO thin films have potential applications in high-performance UV detectors and present an innovation route to weaken the PPC effects in semiconductors by introducing chemical liquids on their surface.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma16216988","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]],"date-time":"2023-10-31T12:53:32Z","timestamp":1698756812000},"page":"6988","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Ultrahigh UV Responsivity Quasi-Two-Dimensional BixSn1\u2212xO2 Films Achieved through Surface Reaction"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Zhihao","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics and Materials Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"},{"name":"Research Center for Advanced Information Materials (CAIM), Huangpu Research and Graduate School of Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics and Materials Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"},{"name":"Research Center for Advanced Information Materials (CAIM), Huangpu Research and Graduate School of Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"},{"name":"Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics and Materials Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"},{"name":"Research Center for Advanced Information Materials (CAIM), Huangpu Research and Graduate School of Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Zhai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics and Materials Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"},{"name":"Research Center for Advanced Information Materials (CAIM), Huangpu Research and Graduate School of Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"You","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics and Materials Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"},{"name":"Research Center for Advanced Information Materials (CAIM), Huangpu Research and Graduate School of Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0781-5221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhuan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics and Materials Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"},{"name":"Research Center for Advanced Information Materials (CAIM), Huangpu Research and Graduate School of Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"},{"name":"Key Lab of Si-Based Information Materials & Devices and Integrated Circuits Design, Department of Education of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shusheng","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics and Materials Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"},{"name":"Research Center for Advanced Information Materials (CAIM), Huangpu Research and Graduate School of Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"},{"name":"Key Lab of Si-Based Information Materials & Devices and Integrated Circuits Design, Department of Education of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1083212","article-title":"Thin-film transistor fabricated in single-crystalline transparent oxide semiconductor","volume":"300","author":"Nomura","year":"2003","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03090","article-title":"Room-temperature fabrication of transparent flexible thin-film transistors using amorphous oxide semiconductors","volume":"432","author":"Nomura","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S35","DOI":"10.1088\/0268-1242\/20\/4\/004","article-title":"Transparent conducting oxide semiconductors for transparent electrodes","volume":"20","author":"Minami","year":"2005","journal-title":"Semicond. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3157","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201500231","article-title":"Ultrahigh-Gain Single SnO2 Microrod Photoconductor on Flexible Substrate with Fast Recovery Speed","volume":"25","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.200700753","article-title":"Doping-dependent electrical characteristics of SnO2 nanowires","volume":"4","author":"Wan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1613","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201002379","article-title":"Ultrahigh external quantum efficiency from thin SnO2 nanowire ultraviolet photodetectors","volume":"7","author":"Hu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201003156","article-title":"Self-powered, ultrafast, visible-blind UV detection and optical logical operation based on ZnO\/GaN nanoscale p-n junctions","volume":"23","author":"Bie","year":"2011","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2009.292","article-title":"Ultrafast graphene photodetector","volume":"4","author":"Xia","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marimuthu, G., Saravanakumar, K., Jeyadheepan, K., and Mahalakshmi, K. (2022). Achieving self-powered photoresponse in mono layered SnO2 nanostructure array UV photodetector through the tailoring of electrode configuration. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A-Chem., 428.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotochem.2022.113860"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2202341","DOI":"10.1002\/adom.202202341","article-title":"Achieving High Responsivity of Photoelectrochemical Solar-Blind Ultraviolet Photodetectors via Oxygen Vacancy Engineering","volume":"11","author":"Yu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Opt. Mater."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang, Z.P., Zhu, J., Hu, Y., Zhu, Y.P., Zhu, G.H., Hu, L.P., Zi, Y., and Huang, W.C. (2022). Tin Oxide (SnO2) Nanoparticles: Facile Fabrication, Characterization, and Application in UV Photodetectors. Nanomaterials, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/nano12040632"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6357","DOI":"10.1039\/D1TC00555C","article-title":"Highly sensitive, broad-band organic photomultiplication-type photodetectors covering UV-Vis-NIR","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. C"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/s43074-020-00022-w","article-title":"Vacuum-ultraviolet photodetectors","volume":"1","author":"Jia","year":"2020","journal-title":"PhotoniX"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110917","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2022.110917","article-title":"Improved response speed of \u03b2-Ga2O3 solar-blind photodetectors by optimizing illumination and bias","volume":"221","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mater. Des."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3453","DOI":"10.1021\/nl9016557","article-title":"Giant persistent photoconductivity in rough silicon nanomembranes","volume":"9","author":"Feng","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"035215","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.72.035215","article-title":"Anion vacancies as a source of persistent photoconductivity in II-VI and chalcopyrite semiconductors","volume":"72","author":"Lany","year":"2005","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48936","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.2c15946","article-title":"Enhanced response speed in 2D perovskite oxides-based photodetectors for UV imaging through surface\/interface carrier-transport modulation","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1476","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat3256","article-title":"Gated three-terminal device architecture to eliminate persistent photoconductivity in oxide semiconductor photosensor arrays","volume":"11","author":"Jeon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102104","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3562008","article-title":"Influence of electric field on persistent photoconductivity in unintentionally doped n-type GaN","volume":"98","author":"Hou","year":"2011","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"072106","DOI":"10.1063\/1.2174841","article-title":"Electric-field effects on persistent photoconductivity in undoped n-type epitaxial GaN","volume":"88","author":"Xu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4062","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.8b02380","article-title":"Van der Waals Coupled Organic Molecules with Monolayer MoS2 for Fast Response Photodetectors with Gate-Tunable Responsivity","volume":"12","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, Y., Liao, Z.L., She, G.W., Mu, L.X., Chen, D.M., and Shi, W.S. (2011). Optical modulation of persistent photoconductivity in ZnO nanowires. Appl. Phys. Lett., 98.","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3590926"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13149","DOI":"10.1039\/C9TC05159G","article-title":"High gain broadband photoconductor based on amorphous Ga2O3 and suppression of persistent photoconductivity","volume":"7","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. C"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5409","DOI":"10.1039\/D0TC00553C","article-title":"A high responsivity and controllable recovery ultraviolet detector based on a WO3 gate AlGaN\/GaN heterostructure with an integrated micro-heater","volume":"8","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. C"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223301","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4937005","article-title":"Ultrasensitive organic phototransistors with multispectral response based on thin-film\/single-crystal bilayer structures","volume":"107","author":"Pinto","year":"2015","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285502","DOI":"10.1088\/0957-4484\/18\/28\/285502","article-title":"Photoresponse of SnO2 nanobelts grown in situ on interdigital electrodes","volume":"18","author":"Chen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nanotechnology"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.200400168","article-title":"Size-dependent photoconductance in SnO2 nanowires","volume":"1","author":"Mathur","year":"2005","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201102506","article-title":"General Fabrication of Monolayer SnO2 Nanonets for High-Performance Ultraviolet Photodetectors","volume":"22","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112115","DOI":"10.1063\/1.2987422","article-title":"High photocurrent gain in SnO2 nanowires","volume":"93","author":"Lin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103702","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3126713","article-title":"Photoinduced conductivity in tin dioxide thin films","volume":"105","author":"Muraoka","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phys."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7844","DOI":"10.1021\/jp312191c","article-title":"Photoluminescence and high-temperature persistent photoconductivity experiments in SnO2 nanobelts","volume":"117","author":"Viana","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. C"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3739","DOI":"10.1039\/c3cc39273b","article-title":"Flexible SnO2 hollow nanosphere film based high-performance ultraviolet photodetector","volume":"49","author":"Tian","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chem. Commun."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11261","DOI":"10.1039\/c3ta11867c","article-title":"One-dimensional CuO\u2013SnO2 p\u2013n heterojunctions for enhanced detection of H2S","volume":"1","author":"Giebelhaus","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hyeon, D.Y., and Park, K.-I. (2019). Piezoelectric flexible energy harvester based on BaTiO3 thin film enabled by exfoliating the mica substrate. Energy Technol., 7.","DOI":"10.1002\/ente.201980353"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2499","DOI":"10.1007\/s11664-022-10205-9","article-title":"Room-Temperature Persistent Photoconductivity in Barium Calcium Titanate","volume":"52","author":"Ahmed","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Electron. Mater."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3928","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jeurceramsoc.2020.05.020","article-title":"Polarization behavior oflead-free 0.94 (Bi0.5Na0.5) TiO3-0.06 BaTiO3 thin films with enhanced ferroelectric properties","volume":"40","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Eur. Ceram. Soc."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jeurceramsoc.2023.05.014","article-title":"Ultra-high strain responses in lead-free (Bi0.5Na0.5) TiO3-BaTiO3-NaNbO3 ferroelectric thin films","volume":"43","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Eur. Ceram. Soc."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28737","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.7b06058","article-title":"Ultrahigh Detectivity and Wide Dynamic Range Ultraviolet Photodetectors Based on BixSn1-xO2 Intermediate Band. Semiconductor","volume":"9","author":"Pan","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8673","DOI":"10.1021\/ja026262d","article-title":"Growth and structure evolution of novel tin oxide diskettes","volume":"124","author":"Dai","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47714","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.0c10259","article-title":"Ultrasensitive Flexible Solar-Blind Photodetectors Based on Graphene\/Amorphous Ga2O3 van der Waals Heterojunctions","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2013.08.006","article-title":"One-step hydrothermal synthesis of high-performance visible-light-driven SnS2\/SnO2 nanoheterojunction photocatalyst for the reduction of aqueous Cr(VI)","volume":"144","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Appl. Catal. B-Environ."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao, S.S., Zhang, J.Q., and Fu, L. (2021). Liquid Metals: A Novel Possibility of Fabricating 2D Metal Oxides. Adv. Mater., 33.","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202005544"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13655","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2021.01.226","article-title":"Giant photoresponse enhancement in Cr2O3 films by Ni doping-induced insulator-to-semiconductor transition","volume":"47","author":"Fan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1970","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2022.09.162","article-title":"Water engineering in lead free CsCu2I3 perovskite for high performance planar heterojunction photodetector applications","volume":"49","author":"Bai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1700256","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201700256","article-title":"Photodetectors Based on Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Lead Halide Perovskites","volume":"5","author":"Zhou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1701822","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201701822","article-title":"Flexible Photodetectors Based on Novel Functional Materials","volume":"13","author":"Xie","year":"2017","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11495","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.energyfuels.2c01364","article-title":"Boosting Separation of Charge Carriers in 2D\/0D BiOBr Nanoflower Sheets\/BN Quantum Dots with the Lorentz Force via Magnetic Field","volume":"36","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Energy Fuels"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dutta, R., Bala, A., Sen, A., Spinazze, M.R., Park, H., Choi, W., Yoon, Y., and Kim, S. (2023). Optical Enhancement of Indirect Bandgap Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides for Multi-Functional Optoelectronic Sensors. Adv. Mater., 2303272.","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202303272"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1038\/nature23016","article-title":"Visible-light-driven methane formation from CO2 with a molecular iron catalyst","volume":"548","author":"Rao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2019.103248","article-title":"Photocatalytic activity improvement and application of UV-TiO2 photocatalysis in textile wastewater treatment: A review","volume":"7","author":"Kader","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Environ. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3870","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tsf.2009.01.120","article-title":"Ultraviolet photodetectors made from SnO2 nanowires","volume":"517","author":"Wu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Thin Solid Film."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315502","DOI":"10.1088\/0957-4484\/24\/31\/315502","article-title":"High performance stretchable UV sensor arrays of SnO2 nanowires","volume":"24","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nanotechnology"}],"container-title":["Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1944\/16\/21\/6988\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T21:15:09Z","timestamp":1760130909000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1944\/16\/21\/6988"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"21","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]}},"alternative-id":["ma16216988"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ma16216988","relation":{},"ISSN":["1996-1944"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1996-1944","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]]}}}