{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T19:57:16Z","timestamp":1774295836278,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]],"date-time":"2023-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702944000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Tianjin Education Commission Scientific Research Project","award":["2022KJ091"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022KJ091"]}]},{"name":"Tianjin Education Commission Scientific Research Project","award":["21ZXJBSY0080"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21ZXJBSY0080"]}]},{"name":"Tianjin Education Commission Scientific Research Project","award":["E202302267"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E202302267"]}]},{"name":"Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Bureau Project","award":["2022KJ091"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022KJ091"]}]},{"name":"Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Bureau Project","award":["21ZXJBSY0080"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21ZXJBSY0080"]}]},{"name":"Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Bureau Project","award":["E202302267"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E202302267"]}]},{"name":"Hebei Provincial Natural Science Foundation","award":["2022KJ091"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022KJ091"]}]},{"name":"Hebei Provincial Natural Science Foundation","award":["21ZXJBSY0080"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21ZXJBSY0080"]}]},{"name":"Hebei Provincial Natural Science Foundation","award":["E202302267"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E202302267"]}]},{"name":"Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Microelectronic Materials and Technology on Ultra Precision Processing (CIC)","award":["2022KJ091"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022KJ091"]}]},{"name":"Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Microelectronic Materials and Technology on Ultra Precision Processing (CIC)","award":["21ZXJBSY0080"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21ZXJBSY0080"]}]},{"name":"Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Microelectronic Materials and Technology on Ultra Precision Processing (CIC)","award":["E202302267"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E202302267"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this study, we address the challenge of surface roughness in CoCrMo alloys, typically used in artificial knee joints, which can initiate a cascade of biological responses causing inflammation, osteolysis, joint instability, and increased susceptibility to infection. We propose the application of a chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) technique, using an ecologically responsible slurry composed of 4 wt% SiO2, 0.3 wt% H2O2, 1.0 wt% glycine, and 0.05 wt% benzotriazole. Our innovative approach demonstrated significant improvements, achieving a material removal rate of 30.9 nm\/min and reducing the arithmetic mean roughness from 20.76 nm to 0.25 nm, thereby enhancing the nanoscale surface quality of the artificial knee joint alloy. The smoother surface is attributed to a decrease in corrosion potential to 0.18 V and a reduction in corrosion current density from 9.55 \u00b5A\/cm2 to 4.49 \u00b5A\/cm2 with the addition of BTA, evidenced by electrochemical tests. Furthermore, the preservation of the phase structure of the CoCrMo alloy, as confirmed by XRD analysis and elemental mapping, ensures the structural integrity of the treated surfaces. These outcomes and our simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of our CMP method in engineering surface treatments for artificial knee joints to optimize friction behavior and potentially extend their lifespans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma17010008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]],"date-time":"2023-12-19T11:17:24Z","timestamp":1702984644000},"page":"8","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Nanoscale Surface Refinement of CoCrMo Alloy for Artificial Knee Joints via Chemical Mechanical Polishing"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Hanji","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin 300121, China"},{"name":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiangliang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinghui","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yilin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Second Clinical College, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mengqiang","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin 300121, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guofeng","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6172-8669","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xueli","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2010-6571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuhang","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin 300121, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200306000-00013","article-title":"Twenty-five-Year Results After Charnley Total Hip Arthroplasty in Patients Less than Fifty Years Old: A Concise Follow-up of a Previous Report","volume":"85","author":"Keener","year":"2003","journal-title":"JBJS"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1648(01)00653-6","article-title":"Characterisation of wear debris from UHMWPE on zirconia ceramic, metal-on-metal and alumina ceramic-on-ceramic hip prostheses generated in a physiological anatomical hip joint simulator","volume":"250","author":"Tipper","year":"2001","journal-title":"Wear"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12050","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2022.e12050","article-title":"Adopted walking condition for computational simulation approach on bearing of hip joint prosthesis: Review over the past 30 years","volume":"8","author":"Jamari","year":"2022","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat1233","article-title":"Surface grafting of artificial joints with a biocompatible polymer for preventing periprosthetic osteolysis","volume":"3","author":"Moro","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. 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