{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T11:42:30Z","timestamp":1783770150257,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008054","name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Ram\u00f3n Areces","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CIVP19A5952"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CIVP19A5952"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008054","name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Ram\u00f3n Areces","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TED2021-130407B-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TED2021-130407B-I00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008054","name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Ram\u00f3n Areces","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["715364"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["715364"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Squeezer project","award":["CIVP19A5952"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CIVP19A5952"]}]},{"name":"Squeezer project","award":["TED2021-130407B-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TED2021-130407B-I00"]}]},{"name":"Squeezer project","award":["715364"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["715364"]}]},{"name":"Spanish Ministry of Universities","award":["CIVP19A5952"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CIVP19A5952"]}]},{"name":"Spanish Ministry of Universities","award":["TED2021-130407B-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TED2021-130407B-I00"]}]},{"name":"Spanish Ministry of Universities","award":["715364"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["715364"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The increasing emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere has urged the scientific community to investigate alternatives to alleviate such emissions, being that they are the principal contributor to the greenhouse gas effect. One major alternative is carbon capture and utilization (CCU) toward the production of value-added chemicals using diverse technologies. This work aims at the study of the catalytic potential of different cobalt-derived nanoparticles for methanol synthesis from carbon dioxide hydrogenation. Thanks to its abundance and cost efficacy, cobalt can serve as an economical catalyst compared to noble metal-based catalysts. In this work, we present a systematic comparison among different cobalt and cobalt oxide nanocomposites in terms of their efficiency as catalysts for carbon dioxide hydrogenation to methanol as well as how different supports, zeolites, MnO2, and CeO2, can enhance their catalytic capacity. The oxygen vacancies in the cerium oxide act as carbon dioxide adsorption and activation sites, which facilitates a higher methanol production yield.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma17030697","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T09:43:22Z","timestamp":1706780602000},"page":"697","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Synthesis of Cobalt-Based Nanoparticles as Catalysts for Methanol Synthesis from CO2 Hydrogenation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Carrasco-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Escola d\u2019Enginyeria, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vall\u00e8s, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0124-9321","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seyed Alireza","family":"Vali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Escola d\u2019Enginyeria, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vall\u00e8s, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"Ben-Abbou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Escola d\u2019Enginyeria, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vall\u00e8s, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6795-3450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Moral-Vico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Escola d\u2019Enginyeria, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vall\u00e8s, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4385-0198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmad","family":"Abo Markeb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Escola d\u2019Enginyeria, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vall\u00e8s, Spain"},{"name":"Departament of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4254-8528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antoni","family":"S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Escola d\u2019Enginyeria, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vall\u00e8s, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Masson-Delmotte, V., Zhai, P., Pirani, A., Connors, S.L., P\u00e9an, C., Berger, S., Caud, N., and Chen, Y. (2021). Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122057","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2021.122057","article-title":"A review on the progress and prospects of oxy-fuel carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) Technology","volume":"308","author":"Yadav","year":"2022","journal-title":"Fuel"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148081","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148081","article-title":"Current and future perspectives on catalytic-based integrated carbon capture and utilization","volume":"790","author":"Sabri","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cattod.2006.02.029","article-title":"Global challenges and strategies for control, conversion and utilization of CO2 for sustainable development involving energy, catalysis, adsorption and chemical processing","volume":"115","author":"Song","year":"2006","journal-title":"Catal. Today"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2636","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.200462121","article-title":"Beyond Oil and Gas: The Methanol Economy","volume":"44","author":"Olah","year":"2005","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cherd.2014.03.005","article-title":"Catalytic carbon dioxide hydrogenation to methanol: A review of recent studies","volume":"92","author":"Jadhav","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. Res. Des."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3450","DOI":"10.1039\/C8CY00304A","article-title":"Bimetallic catalysts for green methanol production via CO2 and renewable hydrogen: A mini-review and prospects","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Catal. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6160","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.202002054","article-title":"Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide to Methanol over Non\u2212Cu-based Heterogeneous Catalysts","volume":"13","author":"Sha","year":"2020","journal-title":"ChemSusChem"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-27981-x","article-title":"Uncovering the reaction mechanism behind CoO as active phase for CO2 hydrogenation","volume":"13","author":"Have","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10148","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.iecr.8b01246","article-title":"CO2 Hydrogenation to Methanol over a Highly Active CuNi\/CeO2-Nanotube Catalyst","volume":"57","author":"Tan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ind. Eng. Chem. Res."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcou.2019.04.018","article-title":"Mesoporous manganese-cobalt oxide spinel catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol","volume":"32","author":"Stangeland","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. CO2 Util."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-14817-9","article-title":"Silica accelerates the selective hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol on cobalt catalysts","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjche.2017.10.014","article-title":"Influence of Zr, Ce, and La on Co3O4 catalyst for CO2 methanation at low temperature","volume":"26","author":"Zhou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chin. J. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1134\/S0023158415050183","article-title":"CO2 hydrogenation over cobalt-containing catalysts","volume":"56","author":"Suslova","year":"2015","journal-title":"Kinet. Catal."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6104","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201800729","article-title":"Selective Hydrogenation of CO2 to Ethanol over Cobalt Catalysts","volume":"57","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcata.2017.06.031","article-title":"The study of morphology effect of Pt\/Co3O4 catalysts for higher alcohol synthesis from CO2 hydrogenation","volume":"543","author":"Ouyang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Appl. Catal. A Gen."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joei.2017.12.004","article-title":"Hydrogenation of CO2 over Co supported on carbon nanotube, carbon nanotube-Nb2O5, carbon nanofiber, low-layered graphite fragments and Nb2O5","volume":"92","author":"Tursunov","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Energy Inst."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10486","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpclett.1c03043","article-title":"Cobalt Catalysts Enable Selective Hydrogenation of CO2 toward Diverse Products: Recent Progress and Perspective","volume":"12","author":"Fan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17647","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.2c00140","article-title":"Zeolites in Adsorption Processes: State of the Art and Future Prospects","volume":"122","author":"Valencia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cattod.2017.12.027","article-title":"Complete Oxidation of Methane on Co3O4\/CeO2 Nanocomposite: A Synergic Effect","volume":"311","author":"Dou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Catal. Today"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3140","DOI":"10.1021\/ja808433d","article-title":"Oxygen vacancy clusters promoting reducibility and activity of ceria nanorods","volume":"131","author":"Liu","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carrasco Garcia, A., Moral-Vico, J., Markeb, A.A., and Sanchez, A. (2022). Conversion of Carbon Dioxide into Methanol Using Cu\u2013Zn Nanostructured Materials as Catalysts. Nanomaterials, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/nano12060999"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Javed, R., Zia, M., Naz, S., Aisida, S.O., ul Ain, N., and Ao, Q. (2020). Role of capping agents in the application of nanoparticles in biomedicine and environmental remediation: Recent trends and future prospects. J. Nanobiotechnology, 18.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-020-00704-4"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2764","DOI":"10.1109\/TMAG.2003.815592","article-title":"A simple method to prepare uniform Co nanoparticles","volume":"39","author":"Zhao","year":"2003","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Magn."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e08076","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e08076","article-title":"Engineering Co3O4\/MnO2 nanocomposite materials for oxygen reduction electrocatalysis","volume":"7","author":"Worku","year":"2021","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3403","DOI":"10.1021\/cm048748u","article-title":"CoO x\/CeO2 Nanocomposite Powders: Synthesis, Characterization, and Reactivity","volume":"17","author":"Natile","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matpr.2020.04.857","article-title":"Synthesis of Co3O4 nanoparticles for sensing toxic gas at room temperature","volume":"33","author":"Jincy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mater. Today Proc."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2367","DOI":"10.5012\/bkcs.2013.34.8.2367","article-title":"Immobilization of L-Lysine on Zeolite 4A as an Organic-Inorganic Composite Basic Catalyst for Synthesis of \u03b1,\u03b2-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds under Mild Conditions","volume":"34","author":"Zamani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bull. Korean Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2017.01.007","article-title":"Catalytic oxidation of vinyl chloride emissions over Co-Ce composite oxide catalysts","volume":"315","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cattod.2017.05.053","article-title":"Selective glycerol conversion to lactic acid on Co3O4\/CeO2 catalysts","volume":"302","author":"Palacio","year":"2018","journal-title":"Catal. Today"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1186\/1556-276X-9-290","article-title":"MnO2 prepared by hydrothermal method and electrochemical performance as anode for lithium-ion battery","volume":"9","author":"Feng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nanoscale. Res. Lett."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1007\/s11581-017-2013-1","article-title":"Co3O4@MnO2 core shell arrays on nickel foam with excellent electrochemical performance for aqueous asymmetric supercapacitor","volume":"23","author":"Feng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ionics"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spmi.2013.11.024","article-title":"Synthesis and characterization of cobalt oxide nanocomposite based on the Co3O4\u2013zeolite Y","volume":"66","author":"Davar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Superlattices Microstruct."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100586","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmt.2020.100586","article-title":"Engineering pore morphology using silica template route over mesoporous cobalt oxide and its implications in atmospheric pressure carbon dioxide hydrogenation to olefins","volume":"19","author":"Gupta","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Mater. Today"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cattod.2020.05.047","article-title":"MOF-derived ceria-zirconia supported Co3O4 catalysts with enhanced activity in CO2 methanation","volume":"356","author":"Jampaiah","year":"2020","journal-title":"Catal. Today"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcou.2017.08.019","article-title":"Effect of support nature on the cobalt-catalyzed CO2 hydrogenation","volume":"21","author":"Sanchez","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. CO2 Util."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2017.05.096","article-title":"Key factors improving oxygen reduction reaction activity in cobalt nanoparticles modified carbon nanotubes","volume":"217","author":"Gabe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Appl. Catal. B Environ."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11493","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.0c03324","article-title":"Insights into the Influence of CeO2 Crystal Facet on CO2 Hydrogenation to Methanol over Pd\/CeO2 Catalysts","volume":"10","author":"Jiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Catal."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.200900036","article-title":"Adsorbent materials for carbon dioxide capture from large anthropogenic point sources","volume":"2","author":"Choi","year":"2009","journal-title":"ChemSusChem"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6538","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms7538","article-title":"High-performance hybrid oxide catalyst of manganese and cobalt for low-pressure methanol synthesis","volume":"6","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5064","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.0c00449","article-title":"Metal\u2013Organic Framework-derived synthesis of cobalt indium catalysts for the hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol","volume":"10","author":"Pustovarenko","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Catal."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcata.2023.119374","article-title":"Co3InC0.75-In2O3 composite construction and its synergetic hydrogenation catalysis of CO2 to methanol","volume":"665","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Appl. Catal. A General"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2008.11.018","article-title":"Carbon nanotube-supported Pd\u2013ZnO catalyst for hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol","volume":"88","author":"Liang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Appl. Catal. B Environ."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17397","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.0c05565","article-title":"CO2 Hydrogenation at Atmospheric Pressure and Low Temperature Using Plasma Enhanced Catalysis over Supported Cobalt Oxide Catalysts","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng."}],"container-title":["Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1944\/17\/3\/697\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T13:53:01Z","timestamp":1760104381000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1944\/17\/3\/697"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]}},"alternative-id":["ma17030697"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ma17030697","relation":{},"ISSN":["1996-1944"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1996-1944","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]]}}}