{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T12:58:32Z","timestamp":1768827512846,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]],"date-time":"2024-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708992000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["11972052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11972052"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52235012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52235012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC3005002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC3005002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFF0716601"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFF0716601"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["11972052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11972052"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52235012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52235012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC3005002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC3005002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFF0716601"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFF0716601"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This research delves into the characterization of the ultrasonic transmission coefficient pertaining to various types of bonding defects in Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP)-bonded structures. Initially, an ultrasonic transmission coefficient calculation model for FRP-bonded structures in a water immersion environment is established. This model is used to analyze the variation in the ultrasonic transmission coefficient under different defect types, namely intact bonding, interfacial slip, and debonding defects. Subsequently, a frequency domain finite element analysis model of FRP-bonded structures with different defect types is constructed. The simulation validates the accuracy of the theoretical analysis results and concurrently analyzes the variation in the transmission signal when the defects alter. Lastly, an experimental platform for water immersion ultrasonic transmission measurement is set up. The transmission signals under different defect types are extracted through experiments and evaluated in conjunction with theoretical calculations to assess the types of bonding defects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma17051080","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]],"date-time":"2024-02-27T03:35:48Z","timestamp":1709004948000},"page":"1080","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Characterization of Bonding Defects in Fiber-Reinforced Polymer-Bonded Structures Based on Ultrasonic Transmission Coefficient"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Zeqi","family":"Bian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mechanical & Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mechanical & Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3479-4385","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Lyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cunfu","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2012.12.056","article-title":"Testing, inspecting and monitoring technologies for wind turbine blades: A survey","volume":"22","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Renew. 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Technol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107007","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultras.2023.107007","article-title":"Detection of interface flaws in Concrete-FRP composite structures using linear and nonlinear ultrasonics based techniques","volume":"132","author":"Sasmal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ultrasonics"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/0963-8695(92)90506-C","article-title":"Ultrasonic testing of adhesively bonded layers using shear waves","volume":"25","author":"Billson","year":"1992","journal-title":"NDT E Int."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pan, Q., Xu, L., and Liu, S. (2015, January 2\u20135). Bonding test of carbon fibers by ultrasonic. Proceedings of the Mechatronics and Automation (ICMA) 2015 IEEE International Conference, Beijing, China.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICMA.2015.7237526"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.125499","article-title":"Nondestructive evaluation of FRP-reinforced structures bonded joints using acousto-ultrasonic: Towards diagnostic of damage state","volume":"313","author":"Sarr","year":"2021","journal-title":"Constr. Build. Mater."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijadhadh.2004.06.006","article-title":"Neutron imaging as a tool for the non-destructive evaluation of adhesive joints in aluminium","volume":"25","author":"Michaloudaki","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int. J. Adhes. 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