{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T16:43:17Z","timestamp":1768236197521,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,3]],"date-time":"2024-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Shandong Province Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2023ME181"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2023ME181"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Shandong Province Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["kq2202305"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["kq2202305"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Changsha Natural Science Foundation Project","award":["ZR2023ME181"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2023ME181"]}]},{"name":"Changsha Natural Science Foundation Project","award":["kq2202305"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["kq2202305"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sulfide stress cracking (SSC) failure is a main concern for the pressure vessel steel Q345 used in harsh sour oil and gas environments containing hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Methods used to improve the strength of steel usually decrease their SSC resistance. In this work, a quenching and tempering (Q&amp;T) processing method is proposed to provide higher strength combined with better SSC resistance for hot-rolled Q345 pressure vessel steel. Compared to the initial hot-rolled plates having a yield strength (YS) of ~372 MPa, the Q&amp;T counterparts had a YS of ~463 MPa, achieving a remarkable improvement in the strength level. Meanwhile, there was a resulting SSC failure in the initial hot-rolled plates, which was not present in the Q&amp;T counterparts. The SSC failure was not only determined by the strength. The carbon-rich zone, residual stress, and sensitive hardness in the banded structure largely determined the susceptibility to SSC failure. The mechanism of the property amelioration might be ascribed to microstructural modification by the Q&amp;T processing. This work provides an approach to develop improved strength grades of SSC-resistant pressure vessel steels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma17071636","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,3]],"date-time":"2024-04-03T08:42:34Z","timestamp":1712133754000},"page":"1636","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Simultaneous Enhancement of Strength and Sulfide Stress Cracking Resistance of Hot-Rolled Pressure Vessel Steel Q345 via a Quenching and Tempering Treatment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Automotive Engineering, Hunan Industry Polytechnic, Changsha 410082, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3145-7188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ming-Chun","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jimou","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xiangtan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd. of Hunan Valin, Xiangtan 411101, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xiangtan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd. of Hunan Valin, Xiangtan 411101, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying-Chao","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Lifang Roll Co., Ltd., Hengyang 421681, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Longsheng","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Lifang Roll Co., Ltd., Hengyang 421681, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105087","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jlp.2023.105087","article-title":"Improvement of integrity management for pressure vessels based on risk assessment-A natural gas separator case study","volume":"83","author":"Liao","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. 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