{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T20:28:11Z","timestamp":1792268891961,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]],"date-time":"2024-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713484800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Joining structural components with mechanical fasteners is common in many engineering applications across all industries. This study investigates combining additive manufactured inserts with sandwich composites consisting of aluminum honeycomb cores with carbon fiber reinforced facesheets. The combination of these components offers an integrated, lightweight solution when mechanically fastening sandwich composite components using bolted joints. The experimental and numerical investigation explores the influence insert geometry has on the structural response of a sandwich composite under pull-through load scenarios. Various failure modes are observed during experimental analysis with facesheet debonding being the initial failure mode. In addition, finite element models investigate the stress fields in the honeycomb core and overall panel deflections, validating the mechanics observed experimentally. When comparing additively manufactured inserts to standard inserts, additively manufactured inserts have increases in stiffness, maximum force, and total energy absorption of 7.1%, 53.0%, and 62.3%, respectively. These results illustrate the potential of an integrated approach to mechanical joint technology by combining additively manufactured inserts with sandwich composite components using aluminum honeycomb cores.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma17081884","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]],"date-time":"2024-04-19T04:10:15Z","timestamp":1713499815000},"page":"1884","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Pull-Through Behavior of Novel Additively Manufactured Sandwich Composite Inserts"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Patrick","family":"Severson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3200 N Cramer St., Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Lutz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3200 N Cramer St., Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4778-5186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rani","family":"Elhajjar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3200 N Cramer St., Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procir.2016.02.121","article-title":"A New Approach on Integrating Joining Inserts for Composite Sandwich Structures with Foam Cores","volume":"44","author":"Schwennen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Procedia CIRP"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/S1359-8368(98)00019-5","article-title":"Analysis and design of sandwich plates with inserts\u2014A high-order sandwich plate theory approach","volume":"29","author":"Thomsen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Compos. 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