{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T12:29:21Z","timestamp":1768652961587,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,17]],"date-time":"2024-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715904000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent","award":["2022ZB362"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022ZB362"]}]},{"name":"Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent","award":["2023ZB286"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023ZB286"]}]},{"name":"Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent","award":["STY-023-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["STY-023-01"]}]},{"name":"Open Project Program of Anhui Institute of Strategic Study on Carbon Dioxide Emissions Peak and Carbon Neutrality in Urban-Rural Development","award":["2022ZB362"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022ZB362"]}]},{"name":"Open Project Program of Anhui Institute of Strategic Study on Carbon Dioxide Emissions Peak and Carbon Neutrality in Urban-Rural Development","award":["2023ZB286"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023ZB286"]}]},{"name":"Open Project Program of Anhui Institute of Strategic Study on Carbon Dioxide Emissions Peak and Carbon Neutrality in Urban-Rural Development","award":["STY-023-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["STY-023-01"]}]},{"name":"Graduate Student Scientific Research Innovation Projects in Jiangsu province","award":["2022ZB362"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022ZB362"]}]},{"name":"Graduate Student Scientific Research Innovation Projects in Jiangsu province","award":["2023ZB286"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023ZB286"]}]},{"name":"Graduate Student Scientific Research Innovation Projects in Jiangsu province","award":["STY-023-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["STY-023-01"]}]},{"name":"Priority Academic Program Development (PAPD) of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions","award":["2022ZB362"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022ZB362"]}]},{"name":"Priority Academic Program Development (PAPD) of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions","award":["2023ZB286"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023ZB286"]}]},{"name":"Priority Academic Program Development (PAPD) of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions","award":["STY-023-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["STY-023-01"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Expansion damage in medium\u2013low reactivity dolomite limestone poses significant challenges in construction and engineering projects. This study investigates the potential of fly ash in inhibiting expansion damage in such limestone formations based on RILEM AAR-5 method. Through a series of laboratory experiments, various proportions of fly ash instead of cement, respectively, were prepared and subjected to varying alkali content conditions immersion tests to simulate expansion conditions. The expansion rates and extents were monitored and compared between pure limestone samples and those mixed with different proportions of fly ash. Additionally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was employed to investigate the microstructure of the dolomite limestone\u2013fly ash mixtures to understand the inhibition mechanisms. Results indicate that fly ash demonstrates promising inhibitory effects on expansion damage in medium\u2013low reactivity dolomite limestone across the addition of 40% fly ash and alkali content of 0.70%. The reaction products are calcite, brucite, and a mixture of Mg-Si-Al phases and the reaction area is within 100 \u03bcm from the boundary when the cement alkali content is 1.50% without any fly ash. However, no reaction products were found at the boundary after adding 40% fly ash when lowering the cement alkali content to 0.70%. This research contributes to a better understanding of the interaction between fly ash and dolomite limestone in inhibiting expansion damage, providing valuable insights for engineering applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma17102422","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,17]],"date-time":"2024-05-17T12:02:23Z","timestamp":1715947343000},"page":"2422","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Inhibition Studies of Expansion Damage in Medium\u2013Low Reactivity Limestone by Fly Ash"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Shaocong","family":"Dai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7063-0214","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhongyang","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaojun","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-7839-4786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Emergency Management, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"365","article-title":"Some Theoretical problems of alkali-aggregate reaction","volume":"4","author":"Tang","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. 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