{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T03:34:48Z","timestamp":1782876888064,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]],"date-time":"2024-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718064000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Education and Science (Poland)","award":["AP14869271"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AP14869271"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education and Science (Poland)","award":["0117U000391"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0117U000391"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Republic of Kazakhstan","award":["AP14869271"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AP14869271"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Republic of Kazakhstan","award":["0117U000391"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0117U000391"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007684","name":"Ministry of Education and Science, Ukraine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AP14869271"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AP14869271"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007684","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007684","name":"Ministry of Education and Science, Ukraine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["0117U000391"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0117U000391"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007684","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper presents the results of the experimental research on diamond-reinforced composites with WC\u2013Co matrices enhanced with a ZrO2 additive. The samples were prepared using a modified spark plasma sintering method with a directly applied alternating current. The structure and performance of the basic composite 94 wt.%WC\u20136 wt.%Co was compared with the ones with ZrO2 added in proportions up to 10 wt.%. It was demonstrated that an increase in zirconia content contributed to the intense refinement of the phase components. The composite 25 wt.%Cdiamond\u201370.5 wt.%WC\u20134.5 wt.%Co consisted of a hexagonal WC phase with lattice parameters a = 0.2906 nm and c = 0.2837 nm, a cubic phase (a = 1.1112 nm), hexagonal graphite phase (a = 0.2464 nm, c = 0.6711 nm), as well as diamond grits. After the addition of zirconia nanopowder, the sintered composite contained structural WC and Co3W3C phases, amorphous carbon, tetragonal phase t-ZrO2 (a = 0.36019 nm, c = 0.5174 nm), and diamond grits\u2014these structural changes, after an addition of 6 wt.% ZrO2 contributed to an increase in the fracture toughness by more than 20%, up to KIc = 16.9 \u00b1 0.76 MPa\u00b7m0.5, with a negligible decrease in the hardness. Moreover, the composite exhibited an alteration of the destruction mechanism after the addition of zirconia, as well as enhanced forces holding the diamond grits in the matrix.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma17122852","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]],"date-time":"2024-06-11T11:58:58Z","timestamp":1718107138000},"page":"2852","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Enhancement of the Refractory Matrix Diamond-Reinforced Cutting Tool Composite with Zirconia Nano-Additive"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4707-3322","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Boranbay","family":"Ratov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geophysics, Institute of Geology and Oil and Gas K. Turysova, Satbayev University, Satpaev Str., 22, Almaty 050013, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Volodymyr A.","family":"Mechnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"V. Bakul Institute for Superhard Materials, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Avtozavodska Str. 2, 04074 Kyiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7666-7686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miroslaw","family":"Rucki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Mechanical Science, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Sauletekio al. 11, LT-10223 Vilnius, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0521-3577","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edvin","family":"Hevorkian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Gleboka 28, 20-612 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolai","family":"Bondarenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"V. Bakul Institute for Superhard Materials, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Avtozavodska Str. 2, 04074 Kyiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1621-0681","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tetiana","family":"Prikhna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"V. Bakul Institute for Superhard Materials, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Avtozavodska Str. 2, 04074 Kyiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2147-067X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viktor E.","family":"Moshchil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"V. Bakul Institute for Superhard Materials, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Avtozavodska Str. 2, 04074 Kyiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6722-2714","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vasyl","family":"Kolodnitskyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"V. Bakul Institute for Superhard Materials, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Avtozavodska Str. 2, 04074 Kyiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3963-6749","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dmitrij","family":"Morozow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Casimir Pulaski Radom University, Stasieckiego Str. 54, 26-600 Radom, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aigul","family":"Gusmanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Engineering, Yessenov State University of Technology and Engineering, 32 mkr., Aktau 130000, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8845-0764","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jerzy","family":"Jozwik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Production Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Faculty, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 36, 20-618 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makhiram","family":"Arshidinova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Oil, Mining, Geology, and IT, Caspian University, Dostyk 85A, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arkadiusz","family":"Tofil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Technical Sciences and Aviation, The University College of Applied Sciences in Che\u0142m, ul. 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