{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T13:43:07Z","timestamp":1791639787099,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]],"date-time":"2024-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722556800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"KY2022-JD-02-12 project","award":["KY2022-JD-02-12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KY2022-JD-02-12"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs), as a promising photovoltaic technology, have been extensively studied, with strong expectations for commercialization. Improving the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PSCs is necessary to accelerate their practical application, in which the electron transport layer (ETL) plays a key part. Herein, a single-anchored ligand of phenylphosphonic acid (PPA) is utilized to regulate the chemical bath deposition of a TiO2 ETL, further improving the PCE of planar PSCs. The PPA possesses a steric benzene ring and a phosphoric acid group, which can inhibit the particle aggregation of the TiO2 film through steric hindrance, leading to optimized interface (ETL\/perovskite) contact. In addition, the incorporated PPA can induce the upshift of the Fermi-level of the TiO2 film, which is beneficial for interfacial electron transport. As a consequence, the PSCs with PPA-TiO2 achieve a PCE of 24.83%, which is higher than that (24.21%) of PSCs with TiO2. In addition, the unencapsulated PSCs with PPA-TiO2 also exhibit enhanced stability when stored in ambient conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma17153820","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]],"date-time":"2024-08-02T13:14:42Z","timestamp":1722604482000},"page":"3820","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Regulating TiO2 Deposition Using a Single-Anchored Ligand for High-Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Zhanpeng","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Power China Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited, Hangzhou 311122, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhineng","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fuxin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Power China Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited, Hangzhou 311122, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chong","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Power China Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited, Hangzhou 311122, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Longze","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhehan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luyao","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Huairou Laboratory, Beijing 101400, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3039","DOI":"10.1021\/acsenergylett.2c01728","article-title":"Design and cost analysis of 100 MW perovskite solar panel manufacturing process in different locations","volume":"7","author":"Brooks","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Energy Lett."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1038\/s41560-023-01358-w","article-title":"Fabrication of perovskite solar cells in ambient air by blocking perovskite hydration with guanabenz acetate salt","volume":"8","author":"Yan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. 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