{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T21:16:34Z","timestamp":1791234994330,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722988800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["52075119"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52075119"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>With the increasing requirements of agricultural machinery, the study of the contact relationship between the tire\u2013soil interface and the improvement of traction efficiency has gradually become a main concern. In this study, the pattern on the agricultural tire was simplified into single-pitch pattern blocks. The pattern blocks were made of rubber material that was highly resistant to abrasion and bending. The experiment was carried out by pressing the three types of patterned block construction into the soil and the pure sliding under the soil. The simulation used the Coupled Eulerian\u2013Lagrangian Method (CEL) to verify the experimental results. We found that the herringbone pattern block was subjected to the highest stress for the same depth of downward pressure. The horizontal force generated by the pure sliding was also the highest. The results showed that the numerically simulated and experimentally measured data exhibited similar trends and average values. In addition, the increase in the contact area between the tire and the soil reduced the compaction and sinking of the soil. The herringbone pattern structure not only had a large contact area but also produced the most significant shear force on the soil. Thus, it may generate greater traction in actual operations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma17163906","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T11:33:52Z","timestamp":1723030432000},"page":"3906","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Numerical Study of Tangential Traction Mechanism between Pattern Blocks of Agricultural Radial Tires and Soft Soil"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Sheng","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Rubber Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3007-2972","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jian","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Rubber Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China"},{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Rubber Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1319-2673","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benlong","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Rubber Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China"},{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youshan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Rubber Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China"},{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.still.2019.104293","article-title":"Historical increase in agricultural machinery weights enhanced soil stress levels and adversely affected soil functioning","volume":"194","author":"Keller","year":"2019","journal-title":"Soil Tillage Res."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.still.2021.105227","article-title":"Graphic analytical optimization of design and operating parameters of tires for drive wheels of agricultural machinery","volume":"215","author":"Sheludchenko","year":"2022","journal-title":"Soil Tillage Res."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.still.2017.09.001","article-title":"Impact of soil compaction due to wheel traffic on corn and soybean growth, development and yield","volume":"175","author":"Sivarajan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Soil Tillage Res."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Rula, A., and Nuttall, C. 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