{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T20:24:03Z","timestamp":1781123043614,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,12]],"date-time":"2024-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Minister of Education and Science, Poland","award":["SKN\/SP\/568714\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SKN\/SP\/568714\/2023"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>No matter where we reside, the issue of greenhouse gas emissions impacts us all. Their influence has a disastrous effect on the earth\u2019s climate, producing global warming and many other irreversible environmental impacts, even though it is occasionally invisible to the independent eye. Phase change materials (PCMs) can store and release heat when it is abundant during the day (e.g., from solar radiation), for use at night, or on chilly days when buildings need to be heated. As a consequence, buildings use less energy to heat and cool, which lowers greenhouse gas emissions. Consequently, research on thermally active medium-density fiberboard (MDF) with PCMs is presented in this work. MDF is useful for interior design and furniture manufacturing. The boards were created using pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and spruce (Picea abies L.) fibers, urea\u2013formaldehyde resin, and PCM powder, with a phase transition temperature of 22 \u00b0C, a density of 785 kg m\u22123, a latent heat capacity of 160 kJ kg\u22121, a volumetric heat capacity of 126 MJ m\u22123, a specific heat capacity of 2.2 kJ kgK\u22121, a thermal conductivity of 0.18 W mK\u22121, and a maximum operating temperature of 200 \u00b0C. Before resination, the wood fibers were divided into two outer layers (16%) and an interior layer (68% by weight). Throughout the resination process, the PCM particles were solely integrated into the inner layer fibers. The mats were created by hand. A hydraulic press (AKE, Mariannelund, Sweden) was used to press the boards, and its operating parameters were 180 \u00b0C, 20 s\/mm of nominal thickness, and 2.5 MPa for the maximum unit pressing pressure. Five variants of MDF with a PCM additive were developed: 0%, 5%, 10%, 30%, and 50%. According to the study, scores at the MOR, MOE, IB, and screw withdrawal resistance (SWR) tests decreased when PCM content was added, for example, MOE from 3176 to 1057 N mm\u22122, MOR from 41.2 to 11.5 N mm\u22122, and IB from 0.78 to 0.27 N mm\u22122. However, the results of the thickness swelling and water absorption tests indicate that the PCM particles do not exhibit a substantial capacity to absorb water, retaining the dimensional stability of the MDF boards. The thickness swelling positively decreased with the PCM content increase from 15.1 to 7.38% after 24 h of soaking. The panel\u2019s thermal characteristics improved with the increasing PCM concentration, according to the data. The density profiles of all the variations under consideration had a somewhat U-shaped appearance; however, the version with a 50% PCM content had a flatter form and no obvious layer compaction on the panel surface. Therefore, certain mechanical and physical characteristics of the manufactured panels can be enhanced by a well-chosen PCM addition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma17164001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,12]],"date-time":"2024-08-12T10:34:59Z","timestamp":1723458899000},"page":"4001","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Thermally Active Medium-Density Fiberboard (MDF) with the Addition of Phase Change Materials for Furniture and Interior Design"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Julia","family":"Dasiewicz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Wood Technology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska St. 159, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1269-5367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anita","family":"Wronka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Wood Science and Furniture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences\u2014SGGW, Nowoursynowska St. 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9128-6934","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Je\u017co","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Wood Science and Furniture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences\u2014SGGW, Nowoursynowska St. 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1463-0540","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Grzegorz","family":"Kowaluk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Wood Science and Furniture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences\u2014SGGW, Nowoursynowska St. 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1177\/1420326X231179835","article-title":"Challenges and Paths to Enhance Green Efficiency under Low-Carbon Economic and Social Development","volume":"32","author":"Tang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Indoor Built Environ."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vetter, S., Nayak, D., Mcbey, D., Dondini, M., Kuhnert, M., and Oyesiku-Blakemore, J. 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