{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T22:34:42Z","timestamp":1785018882003,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":119,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,7]],"date-time":"2024-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725667200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The literature presents insufficient data evaluating the displacement and micromotion effects resulting from the combined use of tooth-implant connections in fixed partial dentures. Analyzing the biomechanical behavior of tooth-implant fixed partial denture (FPD) prothesis is vital for achieving an optimum design and successful clinical implementation. The objective of this study was to determine the relative significance of connector design on the displacement and micromotion of tooth-implant-supported fixed dental prostheses under occlusal vertical loading. A unilateral Kennedy class I mandibular model was created using a 3D reconstruction from CT scan data. Eight simulated designs of tooth-implant fixed partial dentures (FPDs) were split into two groups: Group A with rigid connectors and Group B with non-rigid connectors. The models were subjected to a uniform vertical load of 100 N. Displacement, strain, and stress were computed using finite element analysis. The materials were defined as isotropic, homogeneous, and exhibiting linear elastic properties. This study focused on assessing the maximum displacement in various components, including the bridge, mandible, dentin, cementum, periodontal ligament (PDL), and implant. Displacement values were predominantly higher in Group B (non-rigid) compared to Group A (rigid) in all measured components of the tooth-implant FPDs. Accordingly, a statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups at the FPD bridge (p value = 0.021 *), mandible (p value = 0.021 *), dentin (p value = 0.043 *), cementum (p value = 0.043 *), and PDL (p value = 0.043 *). Meanwhile, there was an insignificant increase in displacement values recorded in the distal implant (p value = 0.083). This study highlighted the importance of connector design in the overall stability and performance of the prosthesis. Notably, the 4.7 mm \u00d7 10 mm implant in Group B showed a displacement nearly 92 times higher than its rigid counterpart in Group A. Overall, the 5.7 mm \u00d7 10 mm combination of implant length and diameter showcased the best performance in both groups. The findings demonstrate that wider implants with a proportional length offer greater resistance to displacement forces. In addition, the use of rigid connection design provides superior biomechanical performance in tooth-implant fixed partial dentures and reduces the risk of micromotion with its associated complications such as ligament overstretching and implant overload, achieving predictable prognosis and enhancing the stability of the protheses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma17174416","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,9]],"date-time":"2024-09-09T04:15:01Z","timestamp":1725855301000},"page":"4416","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Influence of Connector Design on Displacement and Micromotion in Tooth-Implant Fixed Partial Dentures Using Different Lengths and Diameters: A Three-Dimensional Finite Element Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Hisham A.","family":"Mously","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ghada H.","family":"Naguib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abou Bakr Hossam","family":"Hashem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Department, Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Giza 11261, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2007-0271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed O.","family":"Abougazia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Private Practice, Giza 12573, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulelah M.","family":"Binmahfooz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed T.","family":"Hamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-9785(81)80077-4","article-title":"A 15-year study of osseointegrated implants in the treatment of the edentulous jaw","volume":"10","author":"Adell","year":"1981","journal-title":"Int. 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