{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:30:41Z","timestamp":1760146241506,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]],"date-time":"2024-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003392","name":"the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022J05224","H19003","S202410399037"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022J05224","H19003","S202410399037"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003392","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"the Scientific Research Foundation of Quanzhou Normal University","award":["2022J05224","H19003","S202410399037"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022J05224","H19003","S202410399037"]}]},{"name":"the College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of Fujian Province","award":["2022J05224","H19003","S202410399037"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022J05224","H19003","S202410399037"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Nowadays, conductive hydrogels show significant prospects as strain sensors due to their good stretchability and signal transduction abilities. However, traditional hydrogels possess poor anti-freezing performance at low temperatures owing to the large number of water molecules, which limits their application scope. To date, constructing a hydrogel-based sensor with balanced stretchability, conductivity, transparency, and anti-freezing properties via simple methods has proven challenging. Here, a fully physically crosslinked poly(hydroxyethyl acrylamide)\u2013glycerol\u2013sodium chloride (PHEAA\u2013Gl\u2013NaCl) hydrogel was obtained by polymerizing hydroxyethyl acrylamide in deionized water and then soaking it in a saturated NaCl solution of glycerol and water. The PHEAA\u2013Gl\u2013NaCl hydrogel had good transparency (~93%), stretchability (~1300%), and fracture stress (~287 kPa). Owing to the presence of glycerol and sodium chloride, the PHEAA\u2013Gl\u2013NaCl hydrogel had good anti-freezing properties and conductivity. Furthermore, the PHEAA\u2013Gl\u2013NaCl hydrogel-based strain sensor possessed good sensitivity and cyclic stability, enabling the detection of different human motions stably and in a wide temperature range. Based on the above characteristics, the PHEAA\u2013Gl\u2013NaCl hydrogel has broad application prospects in flexible electronic materials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma17205102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,21]],"date-time":"2024-10-21T09:58:24Z","timestamp":1729504704000},"page":"5102","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Fully Physically Crosslinked Hydrogel with Ultrastretchability, Transparency, and Freezing-Tolerant Properties for Strain Sensor"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Pengbo","family":"Shang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Department of Panel Factory, Xiamen Tianma Display Technology Co., Ltd., Xiamen 361101, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao, Y., Jin, K., Li, J., Sheng, K., Huang, W., and Liu, Y. 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