{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T16:35:33Z","timestamp":1780072533873,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,15]],"date-time":"2024-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005375","name":"Latvian Council of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LZP-2021\/1-0584"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LZP-2021\/1-0584"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005375","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Surface modification is essential in microfluidic applications due to the inherent hydrophobicity of polymers, which can lead to biofouling and reagent denaturation. Despite the development, challenges such as hydrophobic molecule absorption and limitations in scaling are still present. Off-stoichiometry thiol-ene (OSTE) materials have emerged as a promising alternative, offering advantages like rapid prototyping, minimal hydrophobic absorption, and customizable surface chemistries. While the thiol-ene polymerization mechanism is well understood, the fundamental understanding of thiol group binding on OSTE surfaces remains limited. Existing techniques to analyze surface groups lack the capability to confirm the stable presence of thiol groups on the surface. In our study, using Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques, we investigated a potential method for enhancing the surface properties of OSTE polymer\u2014the attachment of novel linkers to the surface. We have demonstrated our synthesized compound efficiency by binding gold nanoparticles to the OSTE surface. Our findings indicate that chemical reactions involving double bonds with the material surface hold the most potential for effective surface modification for gold binding.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma17246135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]],"date-time":"2024-12-16T12:09:28Z","timestamp":1734350968000},"page":"6135","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Off-Stoichiometry Thiol-Ene Surface Functionalization: Example with Gold Nanoparticles"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8652-2421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rihards","family":"Ruska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, 8 Kengaraga Street, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2568-4758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anatolijs","family":"Sarakovskis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, 8 Kengaraga Street, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edmunds","family":"Zutis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, 8 Kengaraga Street, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gunita","family":"Paidere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, 8 Kengaraga Street, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Igor","family":"Vozny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, 21 Aizkraukles Street, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3538-8554","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janis","family":"Cipa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, 8 Kengaraga Street, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0192-5841","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jevgenijs","family":"Gabrusenoks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, 8 Kengaraga Street, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toms","family":"Freimanis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, 21 Aizkraukles Street, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9471-1342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raivis","family":"Zalubovskis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, 21 Aizkraukles Street, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia"},{"name":"Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Riga Technical University, P. Valdena iela 3, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7174-175X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andris","family":"Anspoks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, 8 Kengaraga Street, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"033001","DOI":"10.1088\/0960-1317\/23\/3\/033001","article-title":"Integration of functional materials and surface modification for polymeric microfluidic system","volume":"23","author":"Kitsara","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Micromech. 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