{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T17:44:32Z","timestamp":1783705472846,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,19]],"date-time":"2024-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734566400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["12072333"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12072333"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2023NSFSC1913"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023NSFSC1913"]}]},{"name":"Outstanding Young Scientist Foundation of Sichuan Province of China","award":["12072333"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12072333"]}]},{"name":"Outstanding Young Scientist Foundation of Sichuan Province of China","award":["2023NSFSC1913"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023NSFSC1913"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The effects of aging treatment and the volume fraction of precipitation particles on the nano-hardness and nano-indentation morphology of Ni-based single crystal superalloys are systematically investigated. Using nano-indentation tests and atomic force microscopy (AFM), this study examined the mechanical properties and related physical mechanisms of Ni-based superalloys that have two volume fractions of precipitation particles and four aging treatment times. Results analyzed using the Oliver\u2013Pharr method indicate that prolonging the aging time or increasing the volume fraction of particles enhances the nano-hardness and creep resistance of Ni-based single crystal superalloys and reduces the indentation-affected area. Additionally, the nano-hardness and elastic modulus decrease gradually with increasing applied force, revealing an obvious indentation size effect. These variations are closely linked to the size and density of particles and work hardening rate, as well as to the topologically close-packed (TCP) phases, which influence dislocation movement and accumulation within the material and lead to various nano-indentation behavior in Ni-based single crystal superalloys. The related study provides theoretical guidance and experimental data to support the design and application of superalloys.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma17246216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,19]],"date-time":"2024-12-19T10:54:20Z","timestamp":1734605660000},"page":"6216","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Influence of Aging Treatment and Volume Fraction on Nano-Indentation Behavior of Ni-Based Single Crystal Superalloys"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1693-5401","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shunyong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Systems Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China"},{"name":"Shock and Vibration of Engineering Materials and Structures Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang 621999, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Systems Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China"},{"name":"Shock and Vibration of Engineering Materials and Structures Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang 621999, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fengpeng","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Systems Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China"},{"name":"Shock and Vibration of Engineering Materials and Structures Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang 621999, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3776-2618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jicheng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Systems Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China"},{"name":"Shock and Vibration of Engineering Materials and Structures Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang 621999, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liming","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Systems Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China"},{"name":"Shock and Vibration of Engineering Materials and Structures Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang 621999, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xicheng","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Systems Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China"},{"name":"Shock and Vibration of Engineering Materials and Structures Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang 621999, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hosford, W.F. 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