{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T13:55:10Z","timestamp":1781272510521,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]],"date-time":"2025-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736294400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["52274026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52274026"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2022YFC2806504"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2806504"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["CBG2N21-4-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CBG2N21-4-2"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program","award":["52274026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52274026"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program","award":["2022YFC2806504"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2806504"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program","award":["CBG2N21-4-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CBG2N21-4-2"]}]},{"name":"High-technology Ship Research Project","award":["52274026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52274026"]}]},{"name":"High-technology Ship Research Project","award":["2022YFC2806504"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2806504"]}]},{"name":"High-technology Ship Research Project","award":["CBG2N21-4-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CBG2N21-4-2"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ensuring long-term wellbore integrity is critical for carbon dioxide geological storage. Ordinary Portland cement (PC) is usually used for wellbore primary cementing and plug operation, and set cement is easily corroded by acidic fluids, such as carbon dioxide, in underground high-temperature and high-pressure (HTHP) environments, resulting in a decrease in the mechanical properties and an increase in permeability. In order to achieve long-term wellbore integrity in a CO2-rich environment This study introduces materials such as thermosetting vinyl ester resin (TSR), filler composite resin (FCR), and low-cost resin cement (RC). Corrosion experiments were conducted using four materials in 28 days under supercritical carbon dioxide gas and water phase conditions of 60 \u00b0C and 10 MPa. The samples were characterized through mechanical property testing machines, core permeability measuring instruments, FTIR, XRD, and SEM. The results proved that after corrosion, PC mechanical properties decreased, the permeability increased, and the microscopic composition and morphology changed greatly. Penetrating corrosion occurs in the sample in the gas phase environment, and propulsive corrosion from outside to inside occurs in the water phase environment. However, TSR, FCR, and RC materials all maintain excellent resistance to carbon dioxide corrosion in gas and water environments. They have higher compressive strength and extremely low permeability compared to ordinary Portland cement. These three materials\u2019 compressive strengths can be maintained around 131, 99, and 58 MPa, and permeability can be stabilized at &lt;6 \u00d7 10\u22127, &lt;6 \u00d7 10\u22127, and 0.16 mD levels. In summary, the above three materials all show better performance than ordinary Portland cement and are promising alternative materials that can be used in primary cementing and plug operations of carbon dioxide geological storage wells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma18020244","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]],"date-time":"2025-01-08T07:40:13Z","timestamp":1736322013000},"page":"244","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Supercritical CO2-Stable Cementing Materials Based on Vinyl Ester Resin for Maintaining Wellbore Integrity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Zhong","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CNOOC Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 100028, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiming","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNOOC Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 100028, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dingzhao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNOOC Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 100028, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiqiang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNOOC Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 100028, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9568-0556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daohang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuwen","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SLB Technology Services (CD) Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610200, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6413-8741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guangyan","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2020.110521","article-title":"The development of Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS) research in China: A bibliometric perspective","volume":"138","author":"Jiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Renew. 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