{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,22]],"date-time":"2026-02-22T09:19:44Z","timestamp":1771751984398,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]],"date-time":"2025-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736812800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Toxic materials are a threat in workplaces and the environment, as well as households. In them, gaseous substances are included, especially ones without any colour or fragrance, due to their non-detectability with the human senses. In this article, an attempt was made to find a solution for its detection in various conditions with the use of intelligent textiles. The approach was to perform modification on fifteen materials by screen printing using carbon nanotubes paste with expanded graphite and embroidery with stainless steel thread and then investigate their reaction with risky gases such as acetone, methanol and toluene. Four combinations of samples were tested: before tests, after the washing test and after the alkaline and acidic sweat contact test. Three materials can be highlighted. Para-aramid knitwear which reacted well to all tested gases. The biggest value of sensory percentage response was 144%. Screen-printed linen knitwear showed properly detecting skills after washing test for toluene. The biggest value of sensory percentage response was noted at 186%. The third most promising material was low surface mass cotton knitwear with embroidery which had a visible response at every stage of testing for acetone. The biggest value of sensory percentage response was 94% and the smallest one was 27%. For these three materials, repeated contact with harmful gases was tested. Simulations showed also repeated responses expressed in changes in surface resistance under changed conditions. After analysis, there is a possibility to create textile sensors for the detection of hazardous substances.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma18020341","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]],"date-time":"2025-01-14T03:29:43Z","timestamp":1736825383000},"page":"341","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Textronic Sensors of Hazardous Gaseous Substances"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6565-1750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ewa","family":"Skrzetuska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Material Technologies and Textile Design, Textile Institute, Lodz University of Technology, 116. \u017beromskiego Str., 90-924 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1233-8917","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulina","family":"Rze\u017aniczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Material Technologies and Textile Design, Textile Institute, Lodz University of Technology, 116. \u017beromskiego Str., 90-924 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zuzanna","family":"B\u0142aszkowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electrical, Electronic, Computer and Control Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, 18. Stefanowskiego Str., 90-924 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hubert","family":"Ciszek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electrical, Electronic, Computer and Control Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, 18. Stefanowskiego Str., 90-924 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olga","family":"Kowalczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electrical, Electronic, Computer and Control Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, 18. Stefanowskiego Str., 90-924 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Olecki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electrical, Electronic, Computer and Control Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, 18. Stefanowskiego Str., 90-924 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2100469","DOI":"10.1002\/adem.202100469","article-title":"Textronics\u2014A review of textile-based wearable electronics","volume":"23","author":"Choudhry","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Eng. Mater."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1726","DOI":"10.1177\/00405175211062051","article-title":"Textronics spacer knitted material tests as a key element of the diagnostic system that monitors above the proper level of seat vibration","volume":"92","author":"Frydrysiak","year":"2022","journal-title":"Text. Res. J."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"97","article-title":"Temperature Measurements in a Textronic Firefighter Suit and Visualization of Results","volume":"17","author":"Gniotek","year":"2009","journal-title":"Fibers Text. East. 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