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This study evaluated the antiproliferative effect of V. greggii methanol extract (ME), both in its free form and encapsulated into poly(lactic-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs), on human cervical cancer cells (HeLa) and human epidermal keratinocytes (HaCaT). The extract was subsequently sub-fractionated into n-hexane (F-He), methanol (F-Me), and distilled water (F-Ac) fractions, and their antiproliferative effects were assessed. Time-dependent toxicity on HeLa cells was observed for the free-form fractions, with the F-Me fraction showing the highest efficacy compared to the others. Additionally, an NP formulation based on PLGA and F-Me (NPs F-Me) was developed, achieving 64.21% encapsulation efficiency and 11.38% drug loading. The NPs had an average size of 146.9 nm, a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.103, and a \u03b6-potential of 23.3 mV. NPs F-Me were tested on HeLa and HaCaT cells, with toxicity observed at concentrations of 300 and 500 \u03bcg\/mL, affecting tumor cell morphology. Furthermore, the hemolytic activity of F-Me and NPs F-Me was evaluated. The major bioactive compounds in the F-Me fraction were identified using Liquid Chromatography\u2013Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). These findings suggest that the F-Me fraction of V. greggii exerts an antineoplastic effect both in its free form and when encapsulated in nanoparticles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma18030580","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]],"date-time":"2025-01-27T11:38:49Z","timestamp":1737977929000},"page":"580","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Antiproliferative Effect of Methanolic Extract of Vernonia greggii (Asteraceae) on Human Tumoral HeLa Cells Nanoencapsulated into PLGA-Nanoparticles"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2209-3559","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jissell","family":"Alvarez-Sandoval","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Qu\u00edmica, Facultad de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Nuevo Le\u00f3n, San Nicol\u00e1s de los Garza C.P. 64455, NL, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2694-8759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gloria A.","family":"Guillen Melendez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Histolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Monterrey C.P. 64460, NL, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3981-8737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raymundo A.","family":"P\u00e9rez-Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Qu\u00edmica, Facultad de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Nuevo Le\u00f3n, San Nicol\u00e1s de los Garza C.P. 64455, NL, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2954-5939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joel H.","family":"Elizondo-Luevano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Qu\u00edmica, Facultad de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Nuevo Le\u00f3n, San Nicol\u00e1s de los Garza C.P. 64455, NL, Mexico"},{"name":"Laboratorio de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Agronom\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Nuevo Le\u00f3n, General Escobedo C.P. 66050, NL, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8753-9065","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roc\u00edo","family":"Castro-R\u00edos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Qu\u00edmica Anal\u00edtica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Monterrey C.P. 64460, NL, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4460-0222","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miroslava","family":"Ka\u010d\u00e1niov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw, Okopowa 59, 01 043 Warszawa, Poland"},{"name":"Institute of Horticulture, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. 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Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2355-2217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos R.","family":"Montes de Oca-Saucedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Histolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Monterrey C.P. 64460, NL, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adolfo","family":"Soto-Dom\u00ednguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Histolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Monterrey C.P. 64460, NL, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abelardo","family":"Ch\u00e1vez-Montes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Qu\u00edmica, Facultad de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Nuevo Le\u00f3n, San Nicol\u00e1s de los Garza C.P. 64455, NL, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-509X.200658","article-title":"Cancer and Cure: A Critical Analysis","volume":"53","author":"Roy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J. 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