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In this study, specimens are subjected to cyclic loading within an autoclave, where hydrogen gas pressure is varied to examine its impact on fatigue crack growth. The influence of hydrogen pressure and stress variations on the fatigue crack growth rate is investigated. The findings show that as hydrogen pressure increases, the crack growth rate also rises, and at 3 MPa hydrogen pressure the rate is elevated by one order of magnitude compared to that in air, reaching 10\u22122 mm\/cycle. In hydrogen, the fatigue crack propagation rate decreases with increasing loading frequency. When the frequency is 0.02 Hz, the crack propagation rate reaches a maximum of 10\u22122 mm\/cycle, whereas at 0.5 Hz, the fatigue crack propagation rate is generally below 10\u22123 mm\/cycle. With the maximum stress held constant during cyclic loading, the fatigue crack growth rate increases as the stress range widens, and when the stress ratio reaches 0.5, the crack propagation rate can increase to a maximum of 10\u22121 mm\/cycle. Based on these experimental results, a predictive model is proposed to estimate the crack growth rate under different hydrogen pressures and loading conditions, and the average relative errors of predictive values and experimental data are limited below 10%.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma18050947","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T07:53:06Z","timestamp":1740124386000},"page":"947","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Experimental Study on Hydrogen-Induced Crack Propagation of X80 Steel Under Alternating Pressure Fluctuations"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Ailing","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China"},{"name":"Southwest Pipeline Company, Pipe-China, Chengdu 637400, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baogang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruijing","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNPC Research Institute of Safety and Environment Protection Technology, Building 1, Beijing 102206, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruyu","family":"Nie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shengli Offshore Petroleum Engineering Technology Inspection Co., Ltd., Sinopec, Dongying 257000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gan","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3835-2517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianguo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4080-3222","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141018","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2024.141018","article-title":"Climate Action Now: Energy Industry Restructuring to Accelerate the Renewable Energy Transition","volume":"443","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. 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