{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T14:52:16Z","timestamp":1790866336299,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747699200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science Center, Poland","award":["2021\/43\/B\/NZ9\/03102"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021\/43\/B\/NZ9\/03102"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this study, the structure of the synthesized Zn(II) complex with homovanillic acid (HVA) was investigated using the FT-IR, UV\/Vis, and NMR spectroscopic methods, as well as elemental and thermal (TG, DTG, and DSC) analysis. The stoichiometric molar ratio of metal:ligand for the solid form of the complex was established as 1:2, with coordination through the carboxylate group and aromatic ring substituents. The theoretical structural and electronic parameters were calculated by the use of the B3LYP\/6-311++G(d,p) method. Antioxidant properties were examined using spectroscopic tests: DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical), FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant activity), and ABTS (2,2\u2032-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (diammonium salt radical cation). The Zn(II) complex with HVA showed similar or lower antioxidant properties compared to the ligand, depending on the antioxidant assay. The antimicrobial activity of acid and its complex with Zn(II) against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Candida albicans were also investigated by evaluation of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The Zn(II) complex shows higher antibacterial and antifungal activity compared to HVA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma18102374","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T06:10:46Z","timestamp":1747721446000},"page":"2374","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Zn Complex with Homovanillic Acid: Theoretical (B3LYP\/6-311++G(d,p)), Structural (FT-IR, NMR), Thermal (TG, DTG, and DSC) and Biological (Antioxidant and Antimicrobial) Characteristics"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4981-0779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariola","family":"Samsonowicz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Biology and Biotechnology, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0839-9891","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monika","family":"Kalinowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Biology and Biotechnology, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriana","family":"Dowbysz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Biology and Biotechnology, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamila","family":"Koronkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Biology and Biotechnology, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5049-7316","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bo\u017cena","family":"Kukfisz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Safety Engineering, Fire University, Slowackiego Street 52\/54, 01-629 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8820-5216","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Pietryczuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Water Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bialystok, Cio\u0142kowskiego 1J, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Serreli, G., and Deiana, M. 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