{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:28:38Z","timestamp":1760059718890,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751500800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives: In the animal model, we aim to evaluate the bone behavior in two innovative and different laser-treated (L1\u2013L2) titanium implants compared to sandblasted and acid-etched (SBAE) used as control. Materials and Methods: A total of twenty-seven dental implants (8.5 \u00d7 3.3 mm) used for the study (Sweden &amp; Martina, Due Carraie Padova-Italy) were placed in three Pelibuey female sheep. Implant surface profilometric, contact angle and EDX analysis were detected. After 15, 30 and 90 days, histological, histomorphometric, SEM-EDX analysis and Bone-to-implant Contact (BIC), Dynamic Osseointegration Index (DOI) and Bone Quality Index (BQI) (as Calcium and Phosphorous atomic percentages ratio) were performed. Results: All surfaces showed relevant profilometric and wettability differences. After 15 days, BIC15 showed great differences in L2 (42.1 \u00b1 2.6) compared to L1 (5.2 \u00b1 3.1) and SBAE (23.3 \u00b1 3.9) as well as after 30 days (L2 (82.4 \u00b1 2.2), L1 (56.2 \u00b1 1.3) and SBAE (77.3 \u00b1 0.4)). After 90 days, relevant lower BIC90 values were detected in L1 (68.4 \u00b1 0.2) compared to L2 (86.4 \u00b1 0.1) and SBAE (86.2 \u00b1 0.6). The DOI showed higher rates of bone growth in L2 after 15 (DOI15 = 2.81) and 30 days (DOI30 = 2.83), compared to L1 (DOI15 = 0.38, DOI30 = 3.40) and SBAE (DOI15 = 1.55, DOI30 = 2.58). The DOI90 drastic slowdown in SBAE (0.96), L1 (0.76), and L2 (0.95) confirmed the Early Osseointegration (EO) as a crucial phase. Moreover, before loading, the lower global BQI in L1 (Ca 44.43 \u00b1 0.08\u2013P 46.14 \u00b1 5.15) and SBAE (Ca 45.31 \u00b1 2.08\u2013P 48.28 \u00b1 1.12) compared to L2 (Ca 79.81 \u00b1 2.08\u2013P 81.85 \u00b1 3.14) allows to assert that osseointegration process and bone healing could not be considered complete if compared to the native bone. Conclusions: The BIC, DOI, and BQI results showed that osseointegration is a dynamic process, confirming the crucial role of surface characteristics able to influence it, especially the early osseointegration (EO) phase. The short-time L2 implants\u2019 higher bone quantity and quality results, compared to L1 and SBAE, suggested the fundamental role of this innovative laser-obtained surface in \u201csecondary stability\u201d and predictable long-term clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma18133165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T09:57:39Z","timestamp":1751536659000},"page":"3165","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Different Innovative Laser Implants Characteristics Histomorphometric and SEM-EDX Comparison for In Vivo Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3746-5675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filiberto","family":"Mastrangelo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Rovelli n. 60, 77100 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7058-4126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Cicci\u00f9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Catania University, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7517-2769","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raimondo","family":"Quaresima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DICEAA, Department of Civil, Construction-Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of L\u2019Aquila, 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1374-6146","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Scarano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013 Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1111\/ger.12083","article-title":"Interventions for edentate elders\u2014What is the evidence?","volume":"31","author":"Muller","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gerodontology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.11607\/prd.6139","article-title":"Biologic Bone Behaviour During the Osseointegration Process: Histologic, Histomorphometric and SEM-EDX Evaluations","volume":"43","author":"Mastrangelo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. 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