{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T15:53:35Z","timestamp":1785945215328,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]],"date-time":"2025-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752192000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science Foundation","award":["2131441"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2131441"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Magnesium-containing multi-principal element alloys (MPEAs) are promising for lightweight applications due to their low density, high specific strength, and biocompatibility. This study examines two Mg-Ti-Zn alloy compositions, equal molar MgTiZn (TZ) and Mg4TiZn (4TZ), synthesized via ball milling followed by spark plasma sintering, focusing on their microstructures and corrosion behaviors. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy revealed the formation of intermetallic phases, including Ti2Zn and Mg21Zn25 in TZ, while 4TZ exhibited a predominantly Mg-rich phase. Potentiodynamic polarization and immersion tests in 0.1 M NaCl solution showed that both alloys had good corrosion resistance, with values of 3.65 \u00b1 0.65 \u00b5A\/cm2 for TZ and 4.58 \u00b1 1.64 \u00b5A\/cm2 for 4TZ. This was attributed to the formation of a TiO2-rich surface film in the TZ, as confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), which contributed to enhanced passivation and lower corrosion current density. Both alloys displayed high hardness, 5.5 \u00b1 1.0 GPa for TZ and 5.1 \u00b1 0.9 GPa for 4TZ, and high stiffness, with Young\u2019s modulus values of 98.2 \u00b1 11.2 GPa for TZ and 100.8 \u00b1 9.6 GPa for 4TZ. These findings highlight the potential of incorporating Ti and Zn via mechanical alloying to improve the corrosion resistance of Mg-containing MPEAs and Mg-based alloys.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma18143279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]],"date-time":"2025-07-11T11:26:37Z","timestamp":1752233197000},"page":"3279","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Corrosion Behavior of MgTiZn and Mg4TiZn Alloys After Ball Milling and Subsequent Spark Plasma Sintering"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7719-7372","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Helmer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3281-0388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rahul","family":"Agrawal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2332-1126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manoj","family":"Mugale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical Engineering Department, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tushar","family":"Borkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical Engineering Department, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2684-1994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rajeev","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmatsci.2017.04.011","article-title":"Fundamentals and advances in magnesium alloy corrosion","volume":"89","author":"Esmaily","year":"2017","journal-title":"Prog. 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