{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T07:05:35Z","timestamp":1787987135161,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]],"date-time":"2025-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753228800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi","award":["2024JC-YBMS-361"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024JC-YBMS-361"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi","award":["24GXFW0014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24GXFW0014"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi","award":["202410709041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202410709041"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi","award":["CAFUC2025KF01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CAFUC2025KF01"]}]},{"name":"the Xi\u2019an Municipal Bureau of Science and Technology","award":["2024JC-YBMS-361"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024JC-YBMS-361"]}]},{"name":"the Xi\u2019an Municipal Bureau of Science and Technology","award":["24GXFW0014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24GXFW0014"]}]},{"name":"the Xi\u2019an Municipal Bureau of Science and Technology","award":["202410709041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202410709041"]}]},{"name":"the Xi\u2019an Municipal Bureau of Science and Technology","award":["CAFUC2025KF01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CAFUC2025KF01"]}]},{"name":"College Students\u2019 Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program project","award":["2024JC-YBMS-361"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024JC-YBMS-361"]}]},{"name":"College Students\u2019 Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program project","award":["24GXFW0014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24GXFW0014"]}]},{"name":"College Students\u2019 Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program project","award":["202410709041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202410709041"]}]},{"name":"College Students\u2019 Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program project","award":["CAFUC2025KF01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CAFUC2025KF01"]}]},{"name":"the open Foundation of Sichuan Key Technology Engineering Research Center for All-electric Navigable Aircraft","award":["2024JC-YBMS-361"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024JC-YBMS-361"]}]},{"name":"the open Foundation of Sichuan Key Technology Engineering Research Center for All-electric Navigable Aircraft","award":["24GXFW0014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24GXFW0014"]}]},{"name":"the open Foundation of Sichuan Key Technology Engineering Research Center for All-electric Navigable Aircraft","award":["202410709041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202410709041"]}]},{"name":"the open Foundation of Sichuan Key Technology Engineering Research Center for All-electric Navigable Aircraft","award":["CAFUC2025KF01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CAFUC2025KF01"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Superhydrophobic coatings possess distinct wettability characteristics and hold significant potential in metal corrosion protection and underwater drag reduction. However, their practical application is often hindered by poor durability arising from the fragility of their micro\/nanostructured surface roughness. In this study, a durable superhydrophobic coating featuring a hierarchical, hydrangea-like micro\/nanostructure was successfully fabricated on an aluminum alloy substrate via a simple one-step cold-spraying technique. The coating consisted of hydrangea-shaped SiO2 nanoparticles modified with 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane (PFDT) to produce multiscale roughness, while epoxy resin (EP) served as the binding matrix to enhance mechanical integrity. The hydrangea-like SiO2 nanostructures were characterized by solid cores and wrinkled, petal-like outgrowths. This unique morphology not only increased the surface roughness but also provided more active sites for air entrapment, thereby enhancing the coating\u2019s overall performance. The h-SiO2@PFDT-EP composite coating exhibited excellent superhydrophobicity, with a WCA of 170.1\u00b0 \u00b1 0.8\u00b0 and a SA of 2.7\u00b0 \u00b1 0.5\u00b0. Durability was evaluated through sandpaper abrasion, tape peeling, acid and alkali immersion, artificial weathering, and salt spray tests. The results demonstrated that the coating retained stable superhydrophobic performance under various environmental stresses. Compared with bare 6061 aluminum and EP coatings, its corrosion current density was reduced by four and three orders of magnitude, respectively. Furthermore, the coating achieved a maximum drag-reduction rate of 31.01% within a velocity range of 1.31\u20137.86 m\/s. The coating also displayed excellent self-cleaning properties. Owing to its outstanding durability, corrosion resistance, and drag-reducing capability, this one-step fabricated superhydrophobic coating showed great promise for applications in marine engineering and defense.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma18153443","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]],"date-time":"2025-07-23T08:02:06Z","timestamp":1753257726000},"page":"3443","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Durable Superhydrophobic Composite Coating Based on Hydrangea-like SiO2 Nanoparticles with Excellent Performance in Anticorrosion, Drag Reduction, and Antifouling"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Yuhao","family":"Xue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi\u2019an Polytechnic University, Xi\u2019an 710048, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yamei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi\u2019an Polytechnic University, Xi\u2019an 710048, China"},{"name":"Sichuan Key Technology Engineering Research Center for All-Electric Navigable Aircraft, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan 618307, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqi","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi\u2019an Polytechnic University, Xi\u2019an 710048, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengdan","family":"Huo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi\u2019an Polytechnic University, Xi\u2019an 710048, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kunde","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ocean Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Taicang 215400, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingyu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi\u2019an Polytechnic University, Xi\u2019an 710048, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sixian","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi\u2019an Polytechnic University, Xi\u2019an 710048, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maoyong","family":"Zhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan Key Technology Engineering Research Center for All-Electric Navigable Aircraft, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan 618307, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1007\/s00348-016-2264-z","article-title":"Superhydrophobic drag reduction in laminar flows: A critical review","volume":"57","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Exp. 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