{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:38:51Z","timestamp":1787067531621,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757030400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Transportation Technology Project of the Department of Transport of Hubei Province","award":["2022\u201311\u20131\u201310"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022\u201311\u20131\u201310"]}]},{"name":"Transportation Technology Project of the Department of Transport of Hubei Province","award":["2023\u2013107\u20131\u201314"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023\u2013107\u20131\u201314"]}]},{"name":"open funding of the Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Traffic Pavement Materials, Chang\u2019an University","award":["300102312501"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["300102312501"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, CHD"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Polymer-modified bitumen is difficult to produce and often separates during storage and transport. In contrast, granular bitumen modifiers offer wide applicability, construction flexibility, and ease of transport and storage. This study involved preparing a multipolymer granulated bitumen modifier with a styrene\u2013butadiene\u2013styrene block copolymer, polyethylene, and aromatic oil. To elucidate the modification mechanism of a multipolymer granulated bitumen modifier on bitumen, the elemental composition of bitumen A and B, the micro-morphology of the modifiers, the changes in functional groups, and the distribution state of the polymers in the bitumen were investigated using an elemental analyzer, a scanning electron microscope, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and fluorescence microscopy. The effects of the multipolymer granulated bitumen modifier on the physical, rheological, and viscoelastic properties of two types of base bituminous binders were investigated at various dosages. The test results show that the ZH\/C ratio of base bitumen A is smaller than that of base bitumen B and that the cross-linking effect with the polymer is optimal. Therefore, the direct-feed modified asphalt of A performs better than the direct-feed modified asphalt of B under the same multipolymer granulated bitumen modifier content. The loose, porous surface structure of styrene\u2013butadiene\u2013styrene block copolymer promotes the adsorption of light components in bitumen, and the microstructure of the multipolymer granulated bitumen modifier is highly coherent. When the multipolymer granulated bitumen modifier content is 20%, the physical, rheological, and viscoelastic properties of the direct-feed modified asphalt of A\/direct-feed modified asphalt of B and the commodity styrene\u2013butadiene\u2013styrene block copolymer are essentially identical. While the multipolymer granulated bitumen modifier did not significantly improve the performance of bitumen A\/B at contents greater than 20%, the mass loss rate of the direct-feed modified asphalt of A to aggregate stabilized, and the adhesion effect reached stability. Image processing determined the optimum mixing temperature and time for multipolymer granulated bitumen modifier and aggregate to be 185\u2013195 \u00b0C and 80\u2013100 s, respectively, at which point the dispersion homogeneity of the multipolymer granulated bitumen modifier in the mixture was at its best. The dynamic stability, fracture energy, freeze\u2013thaw splitting strength ratio, and immersion residual stability of bitumen mixtures were similar to those of commodity styrene\u2013butadiene\u2013styrene block copolymers with a 20% multipolymer granulated bitumen modifier mixing amount, which was equivalent to the wet method. The styrene\u2013butadiene\u2013styrene block copolymer bitumen mixture reached the same technical level.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma18174182","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T14:53:01Z","timestamp":1757083981000},"page":"4182","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Modification Mechanism of Multipolymer Granulated Modifiers and Their Effect on the Physical, Rheological, and Viscoelastic Properties of Bitumen"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Yao","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education of Transportation Materials, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710064, China"},{"name":"Tibet Autonomous Region High-Grade Highway Development and Emergency Support Center, Nyingchi Maintenance Center, Nyingchi 430074, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ke","family":"Chao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430074, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qikai","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430074, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kefeng","family":"Bi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430074, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2825-4662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuanyuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430074, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongliang","family":"Kuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education of Transportation Materials, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710064, China"},{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710064, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gangping","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430074, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haowen","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430074, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1805","DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMM.361-363.1805","article-title":"Study on Influences of Warm-Mix Agent on SBS Modified Asphalt Mixture","volume":"361\u2013363","author":"Song","year":"2013","journal-title":"Appl. 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