{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:43:23Z","timestamp":1760060603139,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757030400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Compressor blades are subjected to multiaxial loads during operation. Using uniaxial life prediction formulas to predict their fatigue life can result in significant errors. Therefore, by analyzing the loading conditions of the blades, a fatigue life prediction model suitable for compressor blades was developed. This model was established by applying the load of a specific engine type to a notched bar specimen and considering the gradient and strengthening effects. Firstly, the parameters of the SWT model were used as the damage parameters to determine the critical plane location based on the principle of coordinate transformation, and these results were compared with the actual fracture angles. Additionally, the physical mechanisms of multiaxial fatigue crack initiation and propagation were investigated at the microscopic level. Secondly, the non-uniform stress field on the critical plane was obtained using the finite element method. The stress distribution from the critical point to the specimen\u2019s principal axis was extracted and normalized to calculate the equivalent stress gradient factor. Finally, the results of the comprehensive fatigue life prediction model were computed. Comparisons between the calculated results of the proposed model, the SWT model, and the Shang model with the experimental fatigue life showed that the prediction accuracy of the proposed model is higher than that of the SWT model and the Shang Deguang model.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma18174185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T08:22:34Z","timestamp":1757406154000},"page":"4185","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Comprehensive Nonlinear Multiaxial Life Prediction Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Zegang","family":"Tian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Power Engineering, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan 430033, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongbao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Power Engineering, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan 430033, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7536-0826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ge","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Power Engineering, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan 430033, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xing","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Power Engineering, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan 430033, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Li, Q., and Wang, Y. 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Res."}],"container-title":["Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1944\/18\/17\/4185\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T18:41:05Z","timestamp":1760035265000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1944\/18\/17\/4185"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"17","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["ma18174185"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ma18174185","relation":{},"ISSN":["1996-1944"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1996-1944"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]]}}}